Factors associated with post acute care utilization after mastectomy for breast cancer patients

Although the demand for care immediately after mastectomy is rising, and such medical services are referred to as post-acute care (PAC), there is limited evidence on the factors influencing PAC choices among these patients in Korea.

A total of 106,670 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and undergoing mastectomy were extracted from the Central Cancer Registry data from 2012 to 2019 using Public Cancer Library data of KCURE. PAC was defined as utilization of long-term care hospital (LTCH), hospital-based nursing care (HBNC), or HBC (hospital-based care) within 2 months post-surgery. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with different types of PAC utilization.

The utilization patterns of different types of PAC within 2 months after mastectomy were associated with age, income, cancer severity, and particularly the region of residence (Metropolitan; HBNC, OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.10–0.26; LTCH, OR 2.35, 95% CI 2.21–2.50; HBC, OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.97–2.39), as well as the location (capital areas; HBNC, OR 12.46, 95% CI 4.97–31.25; LTCH, OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.15–1.28; HBC, OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.74–2.07) and type of the hospital (tertiary hospital; HBNC, OR 13.70, 95% CI 7.86–23.86; LTCH, OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.37–1.53; HBC, OR 3.38, 95% CI 3.00–3.80) where the surgery was performed.

In this study, we found the factors associated with PAC utilization on mastectomy patients. Our study found that middle-aged breast cancer patients, residents of metropolitan or rural areas, and those who underwent surgery at hospitals in capital area were particularly associated with higher utilization of inpatient-related PAC services. Breast cancer patients with higher income, older adults, metropolitan residents, patients who underwent breast cancer surgery at metropolitan hospitals, and those treated at tertiary hospitals were strongly associated with higher utilization of HBNC services. Identifying factors that determine the use of PAC has meaningful implications for patients and healthcare systems.