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<p>Urban outdoor thermal environment (OTE) plays a crucial role in shaping the comfort and livability of cities, especially in complex urban settings where a variety of factors influence thermal conditions. This study presents a high-resolution, computationally efficient framework for simulating and evaluating OTE, incorporating detailed vegetation modeling and optimized long-term simulations for wind and mean radiant temperature (MRT). The framework utilizes satellite imagery to capture city geometry, identifying buildings, trees, and water bodies. It combines fast fluid dynamics (FFD) and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for efficient wind estimations, alongside ParaCore ray-tracing algorithms for MRT calculations. Thermal comfort is quantified through the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The framework is validated with measured data from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) campus, showing robust predictive performance with an <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> value of 0.95 for UTCI estimations. The SJTU campus, covering 3.09 square kilometers and spanning 6,570 hours of outdoor activity over a year, is evaluated in just 5.67 hours, demonstrating the framework’s computational efficiency. The results provide valuable insights for urban planners, including outdoor thermal comfort autonomy (OTCA) maps that highlight areas needing improvement, as well as hourly thermal stress (TS) evaluations to identify critical discomfort periods. These outputs support strategic decisions on functional zoning, campus renewal, and seasonal adaptive design, ultimately enhancing urban sustainability.</p>

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Fast estimation and evaluation of outdoor thermal environment on a long-term basis in complex urban environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Rui Sun,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Kaizhe Shi,
  • Dayi Lai

摘要

Urban outdoor thermal environment (OTE) plays a crucial role in shaping the comfort and livability of cities, especially in complex urban settings where a variety of factors influence thermal conditions. This study presents a high-resolution, computationally efficient framework for simulating and evaluating OTE, incorporating detailed vegetation modeling and optimized long-term simulations for wind and mean radiant temperature (MRT). The framework utilizes satellite imagery to capture city geometry, identifying buildings, trees, and water bodies. It combines fast fluid dynamics (FFD) and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for efficient wind estimations, alongside ParaCore ray-tracing algorithms for MRT calculations. Thermal comfort is quantified through the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The framework is validated with measured data from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) campus, showing robust predictive performance with an R2 value of 0.95 for UTCI estimations. The SJTU campus, covering 3.09 square kilometers and spanning 6,570 hours of outdoor activity over a year, is evaluated in just 5.67 hours, demonstrating the framework’s computational efficiency. The results provide valuable insights for urban planners, including outdoor thermal comfort autonomy (OTCA) maps that highlight areas needing improvement, as well as hourly thermal stress (TS) evaluations to identify critical discomfort periods. These outputs support strategic decisions on functional zoning, campus renewal, and seasonal adaptive design, ultimately enhancing urban sustainability.