<p>Myocardial infarction (MI) is a global health concern that necessitates continued advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Nanotechnology facilitates prompt diagnosis and personalized treatment. This manuscript explicitly reviews the application of innovative methodologies for identifying cardiac biomarkers to facilitate the early diagnosis of MI and its clinical management. Nanoscale agents such as nanoparticles and nanosensors have been employed for this purpose. Technological advancements in medical imaging are revolutionizing therapeutic approaches while reducing morbidity and mortality typically associated with cardiac tissue injury. Besides all, applications of nanotechnology in therapeutics have proven extremely effective. The development of nanoparticle-based customized drug delivery systems will contribute to more effective treatments, fewer side effects, and improved therapeutic outcomes. Biomaterials and nanoscale surgical technologies may benefit patients with MI by promoting tissue regeneration and repair. This manuscript also investigates the ethical and legal limitations that could prevent seamless incorporation of nanotechnology into clinical practice.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>