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<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into surgical practice, extending beyond administrative roles to support intraoperative decision-making. This evolving role invites reflection on how surgical judgment, accountability, and trust are maintained in an AI-enabled environment. While AI can enhance precision through predictive analytics, real-time guidance, and pattern recognition, it complements, rather than replaces, the contextual understanding, ethical reasoning, and experiential insight central to surgical expertise. This editorial discusses the importance of retaining clear clinical responsibility while effectively incorporating technological support. It also considers the potential for over-reliance on algorithmic outputs and highlights the need to sustain reflective clinical reasoning. The implications for surgical education are noteworthy, with growing emphasis on developing skills to interpret and appropriately apply AI-based recommendations. Ultimately, optimal integration of AI should aim to strengthen clinical decision-making, support patient-centred care, and uphold the professional and ethical foundations of surgery.</p>

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Preserving Surgical Judgment in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Rajalakshmi Rajasegaran,
  • Vikram Kate

摘要

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into surgical practice, extending beyond administrative roles to support intraoperative decision-making. This evolving role invites reflection on how surgical judgment, accountability, and trust are maintained in an AI-enabled environment. While AI can enhance precision through predictive analytics, real-time guidance, and pattern recognition, it complements, rather than replaces, the contextual understanding, ethical reasoning, and experiential insight central to surgical expertise. This editorial discusses the importance of retaining clear clinical responsibility while effectively incorporating technological support. It also considers the potential for over-reliance on algorithmic outputs and highlights the need to sustain reflective clinical reasoning. The implications for surgical education are noteworthy, with growing emphasis on developing skills to interpret and appropriately apply AI-based recommendations. Ultimately, optimal integration of AI should aim to strengthen clinical decision-making, support patient-centred care, and uphold the professional and ethical foundations of surgery.