<p>Gastrointestinal (GI) surgery has evolved into a crucial super specialty among surgical branches in India. This subspecialty, as such, does not exist in many countries across the world but in organ/system-based specialization. In India too, it is branching into multiple branches by several driving forces—colorectal surgery, HPB (hepato-pancreato-biliary) surgery, upper GI surgery, minimally invasive surgery, liver transplantation, and others. Many GI surgery residents choose to pursue fellowship degrees in various GI subspecialties after completing their MCh training. Others opt to go directly into subspecialty fellowships after completing general surgery training program. This article provides insights into the current status of GI surgery as a superspecialty, focusing on its history, current status, various subspecialties, and the driving forces behind its subspecialization.</p>