Male Endometriosis: Extremely Rare Condition with Unusual Presentation as Haematuria—A Case Report

Male endometriosis is a rare condition whose exact cause remains elusive, with only a handful of cases (17 cases) documented in literature. In the instances reported previously, endometriotic lesions were frequently observed affixed to the urinary bladder, in the inguinal region, and within the lower abdomen. Proposed explanations for its origin point to a hyper estrogenic environment, possibly linked to prolonged estrogen treatment, cirrhotic liver disease, or chronic surgical inflammation.

We report here a rare case of male endometriosis in a 52-year-old diabetic man, who exhibited unusual hematuria and was subsequently diagnosed to have a mass related to the urinary bladder on investigation. Surgical removal and histopathological examination validated the diagnosis. Notably, known etiological factors of male endometriosis were not present in this patient. It is conceivable that persistent embryonic remnants or latent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the context of Type II diabetes or obesity may have contributed in the development of endometriosis.