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<p>Commercial production of astaxanthin from <i>Haematococcus lacustris</i> is constrained by slow growth and prolonged cyst dormancy. Here, we evaluate a brief, chemical-free ultrasound pretreatment as a strategy to overcome dormancy and enhance productivity. Sixty-day-old cysts exposed to ultrasound (210&#xa0;W, 10&#xa0;min) exhibited significantly improved germination efficiency, accelerated cell proliferation, and enhanced astaxanthin accumulation under photoautotrophic conditions in both flask and bubble-column photobioreactor systems. In photobioreactors, ultrasonic treatment increased intracellular astaxanthin content to 51.7&#xa0;mg/g dry cell weight and volumetric productivity to 7.6&#xa0;mg/L/d, corresponding to increases of 36.9% and 57.4%, respectively, compared to untreated controls, while maintaining high cell viability. The observed responses are consistent with transient increase in reactive oxygen species within an “oxidative window,” coupled with reversible membrane perturbation, which may facilitate cyst activation and metabolic transition toward carotenoid accumulation. Overall, these results indicate ultrasonic pretreatment at the cyst stage can enhance process performance while offering a simple, chemical-free approach for <i>H. lacustris</i> cultivation.</p>

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Ultrasonic activation of seed cysts enhances photosynthetic astaxanthin production in Haematococcus lacustris

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Aditya Lakshmi Narasimhan,
  • You-Kwan Oh,
  • Hyosung Kim,
  • Dowon Kim,
  • Jisoo Kim,
  • Eui‑Jin Kim,
  • Ja Young Cho

摘要

Commercial production of astaxanthin from Haematococcus lacustris is constrained by slow growth and prolonged cyst dormancy. Here, we evaluate a brief, chemical-free ultrasound pretreatment as a strategy to overcome dormancy and enhance productivity. Sixty-day-old cysts exposed to ultrasound (210 W, 10 min) exhibited significantly improved germination efficiency, accelerated cell proliferation, and enhanced astaxanthin accumulation under photoautotrophic conditions in both flask and bubble-column photobioreactor systems. In photobioreactors, ultrasonic treatment increased intracellular astaxanthin content to 51.7 mg/g dry cell weight and volumetric productivity to 7.6 mg/L/d, corresponding to increases of 36.9% and 57.4%, respectively, compared to untreated controls, while maintaining high cell viability. The observed responses are consistent with transient increase in reactive oxygen species within an “oxidative window,” coupled with reversible membrane perturbation, which may facilitate cyst activation and metabolic transition toward carotenoid accumulation. Overall, these results indicate ultrasonic pretreatment at the cyst stage can enhance process performance while offering a simple, chemical-free approach for H. lacustris cultivation.