Current guidelines: the expanding role of Bruton kinase inhibitors in mantle cell lymphoma
摘要
Bruton kinase inhibitors (BTKis) have been approved for patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Recently, these agents have also been tested for first-line therapy in randomized trials both in transplant eligible and older patients.
MethodsThe current literature as well as the Onkopedia guidelines (www.onkopedia.com) are discussed, and current recommendations are summarized in this short review.
ResultsAccording to the TRIANGLE results, the BTKi ibrutinib in combination with induction chemoimmunotherapy and for 2‑year maintenance in combination with 3‑year maintenance with rituximab should be standard of care in potentially transplant eligible patients. The results have also questioned the role of autologous stem cell transplant in untreated MCL, which is currently only recommended for high-risk patients in terms of Ki67, while no benefit in patients with p53 alterations could be found. Two randomized studies have also addressed the role of ibrutinib and acalabrutinib in combination with rituximab bendamustine for newly diagnosed MCL in older patients. In both trials, a significant advantage in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) was seen (2.3 years for ibrutinib and 17 months for acalabrutinib), but no overall survival (OS) benefit and a substantial rate of toxicity were observed for ibrutinib. Thus, it is not recommended for first-line therapy in this combination, while the less toxic acalabrutinib is currently awaiting a decision by the authorities in spite of no OS benefit so far.
ConclusionCurrent guidelines clearly recommend first-line application of ibrutinib in younger patients with MCL in combination with chemoimmunotherapy.