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<p>In recent times, nanomedicine has been used to mend mucosa, reduce inflammation, and delay the course of disease. One of the practical metallic nanoparticles with significant anti-inflammatory qualities is zinc. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were green-formed in the current study using an aqueous extract of <i>Leonurus japonicus</i>. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were among the techniques utilized to investigate the characterization. The in vivo phase of the acute enteritis study involved the random assignment of six groups of rats. ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> was administrated orally for the treatment of acute enteritis induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution. The therapeutic session lasted for seven days. Wet/dry (W/D) weight ratios, food intake over 24&#xa0;h, disease activity index (DAI), and colon tissue histological changes were evaluated. Seven days after DSS administration, serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Malonaldehyde, glutathione peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and diamine oxidase activity were measured in colon tissue at 7 days. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to investigate the activation of colon tissue intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In rats with acute enteritis, ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced DAI seven days after DSS treatment in comparison to the untreated group. It also boosted significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) the animals’ body weight three or six days after acute enteritis induction and decreased the colon W/D ratio as compare with the untreated group. Furthermore, ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> decreased significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) blood levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and IL-8, while increasing serum IL-10 after 4 and 7 days in comparison to the untreated animals. Additionally, ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> decreased significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the colon and lessened colon histological changes seven days after DSS administration. Later research showed that ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> significantly decreased the activations of colon tissue ICAM-1 and NF-κB. The current study showed that ZnO NPs@<i>Leonurus japonicas</i> exhibited considerable protective efficacy on acute enteritis due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities.</p>

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Prevention of Acute Enteritis by ZnO Nanoparticles Green-Synthesized using Leonurus japonicus Leaf Extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Fang Zeng,
  • Danyun Wei,
  • Zilong Zhang,
  • Lei Zhou,
  • Yujie Yang,
  • Yongbin Zheng

摘要

In recent times, nanomedicine has been used to mend mucosa, reduce inflammation, and delay the course of disease. One of the practical metallic nanoparticles with significant anti-inflammatory qualities is zinc. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were green-formed in the current study using an aqueous extract of Leonurus japonicus. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were among the techniques utilized to investigate the characterization. The in vivo phase of the acute enteritis study involved the random assignment of six groups of rats. ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas was administrated orally for the treatment of acute enteritis induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution. The therapeutic session lasted for seven days. Wet/dry (W/D) weight ratios, food intake over 24 h, disease activity index (DAI), and colon tissue histological changes were evaluated. Seven days after DSS administration, serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. Malonaldehyde, glutathione peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and diamine oxidase activity were measured in colon tissue at 7 days. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to investigate the activation of colon tissue intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In rats with acute enteritis, ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas significantly (P < 0.05) reduced DAI seven days after DSS treatment in comparison to the untreated group. It also boosted significantly (P < 0.05) the animals’ body weight three or six days after acute enteritis induction and decreased the colon W/D ratio as compare with the untreated group. Furthermore, ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas decreased significantly (P < 0.05) blood levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and IL-8, while increasing serum IL-10 after 4 and 7 days in comparison to the untreated animals. Additionally, ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas decreased significantly (P < 0.05) the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the colon and lessened colon histological changes seven days after DSS administration. Later research showed that ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas significantly decreased the activations of colon tissue ICAM-1 and NF-κB. The current study showed that ZnO NPs@Leonurus japonicas exhibited considerable protective efficacy on acute enteritis due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities.