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<p>In the last decades multinationals have strongly relocated manufacturing processes, making it difficult to understand the origin and final destination of traded drugs. The increasing number of the contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) is a result of this wide structural change. Goods may be exported from a country to another for packaging purposes or even for storage only. Italy is now the European leader of CDMOs. This leadership is mainly the result of successful export induced by small- and medium-size private manufacturers. The average size of the Italian pharmaceutical companies which license and market medicines used to be very small until eighties. Later on, the leading Italian companies have always claimed to reinvest the majority of their profits for researching and developing new drugs. We analysed the ethical drugs licensed by the top five Italian companies and our search did not show very promising results on their research investments.</p>

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Does the Italian Pharmaceutical Industry Really Play a Major Role in the World?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Livio Garattini,
  • Bruno Finazzi,
  • Andrea Zovi

摘要

In the last decades multinationals have strongly relocated manufacturing processes, making it difficult to understand the origin and final destination of traded drugs. The increasing number of the contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) is a result of this wide structural change. Goods may be exported from a country to another for packaging purposes or even for storage only. Italy is now the European leader of CDMOs. This leadership is mainly the result of successful export induced by small- and medium-size private manufacturers. The average size of the Italian pharmaceutical companies which license and market medicines used to be very small until eighties. Later on, the leading Italian companies have always claimed to reinvest the majority of their profits for researching and developing new drugs. We analysed the ethical drugs licensed by the top five Italian companies and our search did not show very promising results on their research investments.