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Objectives <p> Breast cancer is a disease that harmful cells form in the tissues of the breast. It is known as the most common cancer in women worldwide. In the present study, copper nanoparticles were formulated using Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) aqueous extract to study the anti-breast cancer cell line.</p> Methods <p>The synthesized NPs (CuNPs@Okra) were characterized using various techniques, including FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, and FT-IR. The cytotoxicity and anti-cancer potential of CuNPs@Okra was evaluated against human breast carcinoma in both normal (HUVEC) and MCF-7 cancer cells using the MTT assay over 48 h. Pathway analysis was performed to assess modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade.</p> Results <p>The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 47.07 nm, semi-spherical morphology, and crystalline CuO structure. CuNPs@Okra reduced MCF-7 cell viability, with an IC50 of 64 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies revealed that CuNPs@Okra modulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, regulating apoptosis and cell proliferation in MCF-7 cells.</p> Conclusion <p>CuNPs@Okra demonstrated potent anti-cancer activity against breast carcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulation. Therefore, CuNPs@Okra could be a promising anti-cancer treatment for breast cancer.</p>

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Pro-apoptotic and Anti-breast Cancer Activities of Copper Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Cells and their Effect on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathway

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Bing Zhou,
  • Wenwei Li,
  • Shiqing Li,
  • Zhibing Zhou

摘要

Objectives

Breast cancer is a disease that harmful cells form in the tissues of the breast. It is known as the most common cancer in women worldwide. In the present study, copper nanoparticles were formulated using Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) aqueous extract to study the anti-breast cancer cell line.

Methods

The synthesized NPs (CuNPs@Okra) were characterized using various techniques, including FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, and FT-IR. The cytotoxicity and anti-cancer potential of CuNPs@Okra was evaluated against human breast carcinoma in both normal (HUVEC) and MCF-7 cancer cells using the MTT assay over 48 h. Pathway analysis was performed to assess modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade.

Results

The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited an average size of 47.07 nm, semi-spherical morphology, and crystalline CuO structure. CuNPs@Okra reduced MCF-7 cell viability, with an IC50 of 64 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies revealed that CuNPs@Okra modulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, regulating apoptosis and cell proliferation in MCF-7 cells.

Conclusion

CuNPs@Okra demonstrated potent anti-cancer activity against breast carcinoma cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulation. Therefore, CuNPs@Okra could be a promising anti-cancer treatment for breast cancer.