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Background <p>Migraine is a disabling neurobiological condition that is frequently associated with Nitric Oxide (NO)-mediated pathways. Existing treatment options are not without limitations, and new agents that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are required.</p> Purpose <p>This paper examines the therapeutic value of phytol, a naturally occurring diterpene alcohol, in comparison with nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine, in silico and in vitro.</p> Methods <p> Phytol pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles are assessed with SwissADME and ProTox-II. Molecular docking is done with migraine-related targets such as CGRP and COX-1/COX-2. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects are evaluated in vitro assays such as HRBC membrane stabilization, protein denaturation, and nitric oxide scavenging.</p> Results <p>Outcomes Phytol had good drug-like properties and low predicted toxicity. Docking experiments showed high binding affinity to CGRP and COX enzymes. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity are established in vitro in a dose dependent fashion, with phytol showing better activity than standards in certain tests.</p> Conclusion <p>Phytol has the potential to be an anti-migraine candidate by regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of this compound has to be validated further in vivo and clinical research.</p>

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Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytol in Nitro-Glycerine-Induced Migraine: Insights from in Silico and in Vitro Studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Chitra VellaPandian,
  • Sedhu Raagavan Sarkgunan

摘要

Background

Migraine is a disabling neurobiological condition that is frequently associated with Nitric Oxide (NO)-mediated pathways. Existing treatment options are not without limitations, and new agents that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are required.

Purpose

This paper examines the therapeutic value of phytol, a naturally occurring diterpene alcohol, in comparison with nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine, in silico and in vitro.

Methods

Phytol pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles are assessed with SwissADME and ProTox-II. Molecular docking is done with migraine-related targets such as CGRP and COX-1/COX-2. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects are evaluated in vitro assays such as HRBC membrane stabilization, protein denaturation, and nitric oxide scavenging.

Results

Outcomes Phytol had good drug-like properties and low predicted toxicity. Docking experiments showed high binding affinity to CGRP and COX enzymes. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity are established in vitro in a dose dependent fashion, with phytol showing better activity than standards in certain tests.

Conclusion

Phytol has the potential to be an anti-migraine candidate by regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of this compound has to be validated further in vivo and clinical research.