Multicriteria VNF placement and chaining with machine learning: a survey and new opportunities for the AHP in decision-making scenarios
摘要
The advent of network function virtualization (NFV) has transformed the traditional network infrastructure by enabling the virtualization of network functions, i.e., virtual network functions (VNFs). VNF placement is a challenging problem in cloud-based networks, particularly under service function chain (SFC) constraints, where the ordering and reuse of functions across multiple chains must be considered. The traditional optimization approaches often struggle with the complexity and dynamics of large-scale 5G/6G networks. This survey provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances achieved in VNF placement using machine learning (ML) techniques and explores the integration of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) into multicriteria evaluation and prioritization schemes. This work summarizes the key methods and parameters; highlights the potential of hybrid ML-AHP approaches; and identifies open research directions for optimizing the performance, resource utilization rates, and quality of service attained in virtualized network environments.