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<p>Increasingly stringent emission regulations have accelerated the development of diverse electrified powertrain architectures. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are a promising option as they produce no tailpipe emissions. However, since most electricity for charging is still generated from fossil fuels, improving their operational energy efficiency is critical. Vehicle efficiency is typically evaluated on standard driving cycles where a driver follows a reference speed within a specified tolerance band. This study quantifies the potential for energy savings within this speed tolerance by deriving an optimal speed profile using dynamic programming. A longitudinal vehicle dynamics model is employed to quantify the energy consumption difference between the optimal and reference profiles. Furthermore, an energy flow analysis identifies the contributions of battery, motor, and chassis losses to this difference.</p>

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Optimal Speed Trajectory for Battery Electric Vehicles Based on Speed Constraints with Dynamic Programming

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Sungtak Hong,
  • Jehwi Yeon,
  • Jaekwang Jung,
  • Namwook Kim

摘要

Increasingly stringent emission regulations have accelerated the development of diverse electrified powertrain architectures. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are a promising option as they produce no tailpipe emissions. However, since most electricity for charging is still generated from fossil fuels, improving their operational energy efficiency is critical. Vehicle efficiency is typically evaluated on standard driving cycles where a driver follows a reference speed within a specified tolerance band. This study quantifies the potential for energy savings within this speed tolerance by deriving an optimal speed profile using dynamic programming. A longitudinal vehicle dynamics model is employed to quantify the energy consumption difference between the optimal and reference profiles. Furthermore, an energy flow analysis identifies the contributions of battery, motor, and chassis losses to this difference.