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<p>Fuel oil spills pose a serious risk to estuarine and coastal ecosystems, where interactions between petroleum hydrocarbons, sand, and seawater control contaminant persistence and mobility. In this study, the infiltration and retention of fuel oil in coastal sands were systematically investigated using the Kerch Strait tanker accident as a representative model scenario. Laboratory experiments quantified fuel oil migration kinetics in dry and seawater-saturated sands over a temperature range of 25–90&#xa0;°C. In dry sand, the penetration velocity increased from 1.4&#xa0;mm h⁻¹ at 25&#xa0;°C to 131&#xa0;mm h⁻¹ at 80&#xa0;°C, demonstrating a strong temperature and viscosity dependence. In contrast, no measurable infiltration into seawater-saturated sand was observed over a 4&#xa0;h period at 25&#xa0;°C, indicating effective inhibition of fuel oil transport by pore water. Based on the measured temperature dependence of apparent viscosity, a temperature–viscosity superposition approach was developed, allowing accelerated experiments to be extrapolated to lower environmental temperatures. Using this approach, 31&#xa0;h of exposure at 90&#xa0;°C corresponds to approximately 35 years of diffusion at 10&#xa0;°C. Additional experiments under submerged conditions showed that fuel oil does not remain stably deposited on sand and separates into buoyant droplets that detach and rise to the water surface. These results provide quantitative constraints on fuel oil transport in coastal sediments and support predictive assessment of long-term contamination and remediation strategies following marine spill events.</p>

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Investigation on the Interaction of Spilled Fuel Oil with Coastal Sand Using the Temperature-Viscosity Superposition Principle

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • M. S. Kuzin,
  • I. Y. Skvortsov,
  • I. M. Obidin,
  • A. Ya Malkin

摘要

Fuel oil spills pose a serious risk to estuarine and coastal ecosystems, where interactions between petroleum hydrocarbons, sand, and seawater control contaminant persistence and mobility. In this study, the infiltration and retention of fuel oil in coastal sands were systematically investigated using the Kerch Strait tanker accident as a representative model scenario. Laboratory experiments quantified fuel oil migration kinetics in dry and seawater-saturated sands over a temperature range of 25–90 °C. In dry sand, the penetration velocity increased from 1.4 mm h⁻¹ at 25 °C to 131 mm h⁻¹ at 80 °C, demonstrating a strong temperature and viscosity dependence. In contrast, no measurable infiltration into seawater-saturated sand was observed over a 4 h period at 25 °C, indicating effective inhibition of fuel oil transport by pore water. Based on the measured temperature dependence of apparent viscosity, a temperature–viscosity superposition approach was developed, allowing accelerated experiments to be extrapolated to lower environmental temperatures. Using this approach, 31 h of exposure at 90 °C corresponds to approximately 35 years of diffusion at 10 °C. Additional experiments under submerged conditions showed that fuel oil does not remain stably deposited on sand and separates into buoyant droplets that detach and rise to the water surface. These results provide quantitative constraints on fuel oil transport in coastal sediments and support predictive assessment of long-term contamination and remediation strategies following marine spill events.