Macrofungal Species Richness and Composition of Acre State, Amazon, Brazil: State of the Art

Data on fungi in the state of Acre lack systematization. A total of 99 species have been recorded, but actual numbers of macrofungi and species composition in local forests are still unknown. In the present study, we sought to produce a checklist of macrofungi collected in Acre, between the years 1901 and 2020. We retrieved and organized information about specimens deposited in the databases of the mycological collections of the New York Botanical Garden and Louisiana State University, and the records made available on the speciesLink platform of the Reference Center for Environmental Information. We added to the information the macrofungi that were published in articles, up to the year 2020. Over 120 years of botanical history in the state, we recorded 1,912 macrofungal specimens collected in Acre. A total of 855 were identified at the species level, corresponding to 279 species distributed in 145 genera and 56 families. The families Polyporaceae, Hypoxylaceae, Xylariaceae and Hymenochaetaceae contribute with about 50% of the identified species. The genera Hypoxylon, Trametes, Xylaria, Ganoderma and Polyporus present the highest species richness, while Hypomontagnella monticulosa, Cerrena caperata, Auricularia delicata, A. fuscosuccinea and Ranadivia modesta are the most abundant species in number of specimens collected. Data analysis allowed us to determine a reliable number that best represents the knowledge of fungi in Acre. However, when considering the estimates of fungal species for the Amazon, these data are insufficient, which demonstrates the need to encourage and invest in more studies on these fungi in the region.