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<p><i>Amanita muscaria</i> is known to accumulate high levels of Cd, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, a putative NRAMP transporter, Am<i>NRAMP1</i>, from <i>A. muscaria</i> was identified and characterized. This gene encodes a protein comprising 573 amino acids, with 11 predicted transmembrane domains and conserved NRAMP motifs. Functional complementation in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> mutants revealed that Am<i>NRAMP1</i> specifically mediates Mn<sup>2+</sup> transport, exhibiting no detectable Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> transport activity. Interestingly, Am<i>NRAMP1</i> also facilitated Cd<sup>2+</sup> uptake, resulting in increased Cd accumulation and reduced IC<sub>50Cd</sub> values in Cd-sensitive yeast cells. Uptake assays confirmed enhanced Mn and Cd accumulation in yeast cells heterologously expressing Am<i>NRAMP1</i>, while mycelial experiments revealed that Cd accumulation is attenuated by Mn availability, suggesting a metal substitution effect. This study provides the first functional characterization of an NRAMP transporter in <i>A. muscaria</i> and establishes Am<i>NRAMP1</i> as a possible contributor to fungal Cd accumulation.</p>

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Molecular mechanisms of cadmium uptake in Amanita muscaria: the role of AmNRAMP1

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Josef Podlaha,
  • Jan Šnábl,
  • Antonín Kaňa,
  • Tereza Leonhardt,
  • Jan Borovička,
  • Pavel Kotrba,
  • Jan Sácký

摘要

Amanita muscaria is known to accumulate high levels of Cd, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, a putative NRAMP transporter, AmNRAMP1, from A. muscaria was identified and characterized. This gene encodes a protein comprising 573 amino acids, with 11 predicted transmembrane domains and conserved NRAMP motifs. Functional complementation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants revealed that AmNRAMP1 specifically mediates Mn2+ transport, exhibiting no detectable Fe2+ and Zn2+ transport activity. Interestingly, AmNRAMP1 also facilitated Cd2+ uptake, resulting in increased Cd accumulation and reduced IC50Cd values in Cd-sensitive yeast cells. Uptake assays confirmed enhanced Mn and Cd accumulation in yeast cells heterologously expressing AmNRAMP1, while mycelial experiments revealed that Cd accumulation is attenuated by Mn availability, suggesting a metal substitution effect. This study provides the first functional characterization of an NRAMP transporter in A. muscaria and establishes AmNRAMP1 as a possible contributor to fungal Cd accumulation.