<p>Integrins mediate cell-substrate adhesion by interacting with extracellular matrix ligands, enabling attachment, spreading, and stabilization. Cells typically adhere more strongly to hydrophobic surfaces and detach more easily from hydrophilic ones, a property widely exploited in bioengineering applications such as cell sheet engineering. In this study, tissue culture polystyrene substrates were treated with O₂, Ar, and CF₄ plasma to systematically modify surface wettability, and the effects on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFn) adhesion, proliferation, and migration were dynamically analyzed using live-cell imaging. Interestingly, despite the hydrophilic nature of O₂ plasma-treated surfaces, HDFn cells exhibited a 1.7-fold increase in adhesion and a 2.3-fold enhancement in proliferation compared to CF₄-treated surfaces. These observations may be associated with oxygen incorporation and are consistent with previous reports suggesting enhanced protein adsorption on the plasma-treated surfaces, which is expected to enhance the adsorption of adhesion-related proteins and may facilitate subsequent cell–surface interactions. Although direct integrin activation was not examined, the observed cellular responses are consistent with mechanisms reported in previous studies. This study underscores the pivotal role of oxygen-functionalized hydrophilic surfaces in enhancing cell adhesion and growth, providing insights into the design of bioactive polymer surfaces in bioengineering applications.</p>