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<p>To design and construct an ultrafiltration membrane with simultaneous photocatalytic and antibacterial abilities, a novel flower-like CNC-ZnO nanohybrid is facilely prepared and used to functionalize the polysulfone (PSF) membrane matrix. In the CNC-ZnO nanohybrid, the cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrolyzed from microcrystalline cellulose using a mixed-acid system of citric acid and hydrochloric acid act as substrates for growing ZnO nanocrystals. The influence of the ZnCl<sub>2</sub> concentration on the morphologies and size of the CNC-ZnO nanohybrid and the antibacterial properties was discussed. The flower-like CNC-ZnO nanohybrid can be easily doped into the PSF membrane via the phase-inversion method. This method allows the hydrophilic nanohybrid to migrate to the hydrophobic PSF surface and form a multifunctional mixed-matrix membrane (MMMs). Thus-prepared CNC-ZnO/PSF membranes exhibit a high BSA rejection rate (94.26%), a reasonable permeation flux (246.12&#xa0;L⋅m<sup>−2</sup>⋅h<sup>−1</sup>⋅bar<sup>−1</sup>), as well as antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and photocatalytic properties. This customization of nanoflower structures and functionalization of polymeric membranes suggests a new avenue for the preparation of advanced mixed-matrix membranes.</p>

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Design and Construction of a Novel CNC-ZnO/PSF Mixed-Matrix Membrane with Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Xuemei Bao,
  • Yongcong Yang,
  • Xingyu Gao,
  • Tianjing Zhao,
  • Junhong Guo

摘要

To design and construct an ultrafiltration membrane with simultaneous photocatalytic and antibacterial abilities, a novel flower-like CNC-ZnO nanohybrid is facilely prepared and used to functionalize the polysulfone (PSF) membrane matrix. In the CNC-ZnO nanohybrid, the cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrolyzed from microcrystalline cellulose using a mixed-acid system of citric acid and hydrochloric acid act as substrates for growing ZnO nanocrystals. The influence of the ZnCl2 concentration on the morphologies and size of the CNC-ZnO nanohybrid and the antibacterial properties was discussed. The flower-like CNC-ZnO nanohybrid can be easily doped into the PSF membrane via the phase-inversion method. This method allows the hydrophilic nanohybrid to migrate to the hydrophobic PSF surface and form a multifunctional mixed-matrix membrane (MMMs). Thus-prepared CNC-ZnO/PSF membranes exhibit a high BSA rejection rate (94.26%), a reasonable permeation flux (246.12 L⋅m−2⋅h−1⋅bar−1), as well as antibacterial activity against S. aureus and photocatalytic properties. This customization of nanoflower structures and functionalization of polymeric membranes suggests a new avenue for the preparation of advanced mixed-matrix membranes.