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<p>Sweating-induced clinginess is a major source of sportswear discomfort because liquid moisture alters the mechanical interaction at the textile–skin interface. Conventional comfort evaluations mainly emphasize absorption, wicking, drying, air permeability, or subjective ratings, but they do not fully explain how wet fabrics adhere to and drag along the skin during movement. Here, we developed a multilevel material–interface–garment–perception framework to evaluate moisture-induced wet adhesion in sportswear, with particular emphasis on normal adhesion, shear adhesion, adhesion work, forearm perception, and garment-level wear response. From dry to fully wet states, the mean shear adhesion force increased from 5.77 to 48.94 cN, and shear adhesion work increased from 74.93 to 743.61 cN·mm; after exercise, wet–dry, clingy–dry, and sticky–separated scores decreased by 3.77, 3.63, and 3.50 scale units, respectively. These results indicate that wet-state shear adhesion and adhesion work can serve as interface-level indicators of wet clinginess, providing a practical basis for designing sportswear that is not only moisture-managing but also resistant to wet textile–skin drag and comfort loss.</p>

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Moisture-Induced Textile–Skin Adhesion Underlies Clinginess and Comfort Loss in Sportswear

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Xiaoyu Guan,
  • Xianshan Luo,
  • Wenxia Han,
  • Zhenzhu Zhang,
  • Guangwei Fu,
  • Ying Wang,
  • Zihan Wang,
  • Yuheng Wang,
  • Xixi Wei

摘要

Sweating-induced clinginess is a major source of sportswear discomfort because liquid moisture alters the mechanical interaction at the textile–skin interface. Conventional comfort evaluations mainly emphasize absorption, wicking, drying, air permeability, or subjective ratings, but they do not fully explain how wet fabrics adhere to and drag along the skin during movement. Here, we developed a multilevel material–interface–garment–perception framework to evaluate moisture-induced wet adhesion in sportswear, with particular emphasis on normal adhesion, shear adhesion, adhesion work, forearm perception, and garment-level wear response. From dry to fully wet states, the mean shear adhesion force increased from 5.77 to 48.94 cN, and shear adhesion work increased from 74.93 to 743.61 cN·mm; after exercise, wet–dry, clingy–dry, and sticky–separated scores decreased by 3.77, 3.63, and 3.50 scale units, respectively. These results indicate that wet-state shear adhesion and adhesion work can serve as interface-level indicators of wet clinginess, providing a practical basis for designing sportswear that is not only moisture-managing but also resistant to wet textile–skin drag and comfort loss.