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<p>The novel polychloroaniline/tin oxide quantum dots (PolyClAN/SnO<sub>2</sub>Q) composite, synthesized via in situ polymerization of polychloroaniline with quantum-confined tin oxide, was rigorously characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, and TEM techniques. The composite exhibits a core–shell architecture with particle dimensions of 28–32&#xa0;nm, and an optical band gap of 3.13&#xa0;eV. Photocatalytic tests under 100 W xenon lamp irradiation revealed that PolyClAN/SnO<sub>2</sub>Q degraded 79.9% of Brilliant Blue R dye within 100&#xa0;min, achieving intermediate conversion (79.9% vs. SnO<sub>2</sub>Q 92.8%), yet demonstrating superior durability, industrial wastewater efficacy, and ecological compatibility, positioning the composite as the optimal choice for practical photocatalytic treatment. Application to industrial wastewater showed chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from 8060 to 760&#xa0;ppm, thereby surpassing regulatory thresholds for discharge and reuse. Phytotoxicity assays indicated beneficial effects on cucumber seed germination, with root length enhancement rates of 40.2% (Cd concentration: 10&#xa0;mg/L) and 105.5% (Cd concentration: 100&#xa0;mg/L) in dye-treated irrigation scenarios. The superior photocatalytic performance and ecological compatibility of PolyClAN/SnO<sub>2</sub>Q, attributed to quantum confinement effects and tailored interfacial charge transfer, position this composite as a prominent candidate for sustainable industrial wastewater treatment, aligning with advances in the design of polymer-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts for environmental remediation.</p>

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Polychloroaniline and Tin Oxide Quantum Dots: Photocatalytic Activity, Recycling Process, and Germination of Vegetable Seeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Rehab Alatawi,
  • Mubark Alshareef,
  • Jawza Sh. Alnawmasi,
  • Fatmah M. Alkhatib,
  • Sara A. Alqarni,
  • Mona A. Alhasani,
  • Ameena M. Al-Bonayan,
  • Nashwa M. El-Metwaly

摘要

The novel polychloroaniline/tin oxide quantum dots (PolyClAN/SnO2Q) composite, synthesized via in situ polymerization of polychloroaniline with quantum-confined tin oxide, was rigorously characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, and TEM techniques. The composite exhibits a core–shell architecture with particle dimensions of 28–32 nm, and an optical band gap of 3.13 eV. Photocatalytic tests under 100 W xenon lamp irradiation revealed that PolyClAN/SnO2Q degraded 79.9% of Brilliant Blue R dye within 100 min, achieving intermediate conversion (79.9% vs. SnO2Q 92.8%), yet demonstrating superior durability, industrial wastewater efficacy, and ecological compatibility, positioning the composite as the optimal choice for practical photocatalytic treatment. Application to industrial wastewater showed chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from 8060 to 760 ppm, thereby surpassing regulatory thresholds for discharge and reuse. Phytotoxicity assays indicated beneficial effects on cucumber seed germination, with root length enhancement rates of 40.2% (Cd concentration: 10 mg/L) and 105.5% (Cd concentration: 100 mg/L) in dye-treated irrigation scenarios. The superior photocatalytic performance and ecological compatibility of PolyClAN/SnO2Q, attributed to quantum confinement effects and tailored interfacial charge transfer, position this composite as a prominent candidate for sustainable industrial wastewater treatment, aligning with advances in the design of polymer-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts for environmental remediation.