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<p>This study developed stable, hybrid polyvinyl alcohol/zinc oxide nanoparticle (PVA/ZnO-NPs) nanofibers as wound dressing scaffolds via blend-electrospinning. To evaluate their drug-delivery potential, vancomycin (VAN) was incorporated at concentrations of 1, 3, and 5%. The fabricated mats were heat-treated to improve their aqueous stability. Comprehensive characterization using FE-SEM, FTIR, and mechanical testing confirmed successful nanofiber fabrication and revealed that their mechanical properties were highly concentration-dependent. While a 1% VAN loading increased stiffness, a 5% concentration softened the matrix; the intermediate 3% VAN offered an optimal balance with improved flexibility. All formulations exhibited potent antibacterial activity and no significant cytotoxicity toward normal fibroblast cells. In vivo assessment using a rat full-thickness wound model demonstrated that the PVA/ZnO-NPs/VAN 3% composite accelerated wound closure more effectively than a control group treated with PVA/VAN 3% alone. Histological evaluation further confirmed the fastest and most complete healing in the PVA/ZnO-NPs/VAN group. These findings highlight the synergistic effect between ZnO nanoparticles and VAN within the nanofiber matrix, resulting in an enhanced antibacterial efficacy and a significant promotion of wound healing.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Vancomycin-Loaded PVA/ZnO Nanofibers with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity and Controlled Release for Wound Healing Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Mehdi Fathi,
  • Mahdi Sadeghi,
  • Shadi Lamepour,
  • Mehran Mansour Haji Khajeh Lu,
  • Parisa Abbaspour,
  • Nasim Zamani,
  • Erfan Eyvazzadeh,
  • Masoomeh Dadkhah,
  • Farzaneh Fathi

摘要

This study developed stable, hybrid polyvinyl alcohol/zinc oxide nanoparticle (PVA/ZnO-NPs) nanofibers as wound dressing scaffolds via blend-electrospinning. To evaluate their drug-delivery potential, vancomycin (VAN) was incorporated at concentrations of 1, 3, and 5%. The fabricated mats were heat-treated to improve their aqueous stability. Comprehensive characterization using FE-SEM, FTIR, and mechanical testing confirmed successful nanofiber fabrication and revealed that their mechanical properties were highly concentration-dependent. While a 1% VAN loading increased stiffness, a 5% concentration softened the matrix; the intermediate 3% VAN offered an optimal balance with improved flexibility. All formulations exhibited potent antibacterial activity and no significant cytotoxicity toward normal fibroblast cells. In vivo assessment using a rat full-thickness wound model demonstrated that the PVA/ZnO-NPs/VAN 3% composite accelerated wound closure more effectively than a control group treated with PVA/VAN 3% alone. Histological evaluation further confirmed the fastest and most complete healing in the PVA/ZnO-NPs/VAN group. These findings highlight the synergistic effect between ZnO nanoparticles and VAN within the nanofiber matrix, resulting in an enhanced antibacterial efficacy and a significant promotion of wound healing.

Graphical Abstract