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<p>Epoxy-based EMI-shielding materials often suffer from limited multifunctionality when relying solely on dielectric fillers. This study specifically addresses the challenge of achieving simultaneous dielectric, magnetic, and EMI-shielding enhancement using waste-derived, surface-modified reinforcements. Epoxy composites reinforced with 40&#xa0;vol% silane-treated bamboo viscose microfiber were doped with 1–5&#xa0;vol% silane-treated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles extracted from bagasse waste, and their electromagnetic performance was systematically evaluated. Among all formulations, the composite containing 5&#xa0;vol% Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (EBF3) showed the most significant improvement. The dielectric permittivity and loss increased to 4.79 and 0.71, respectively, indicating strong interfacial polarization and enhanced charge transport. Magnetic permeability also peaked in EBF3, with real permeability increasing from 3.40 to 4.41 and imaginary permeability from 0.67 to 1.56 over 8–20&#xa0;Hz, confirming improved magnetic dipole interactions and damping. As a result, EBF3 achieved superior EMI-shielding effectiveness of 9.33&#xa0;dB (E-band), 15.11&#xa0;dB (F-band), 21.34&#xa0;dB (I-band), and 31.56&#xa0;dB (J-band), dominated by combined dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and multiple internal reflections. These results demonstrate that controlled Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> loading in a silane-treated fiber–filler system enables efficient magnetodielectric coupling and effective EMI shielding, identifying EBF3 as a promising lightweight composite for mid-frequency EMI-shielding applications, lightweight EMI-shielding and magnetodielectric components for electronic enclosures, automotive electronics, and communication systems, and sustainable shielding materials for antennas and sensors using waste-derived magnetic fillers.</p>

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Dielectric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Behavior of Doped Fe3O4 Particle from Bagasse Waste and Viscose Natural Fiber Epoxy Composite: A Characterization Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • A. Saravanan,
  • D. Dafik,
  • R Sunder,
  • Agustin Ika Hesti

摘要

Epoxy-based EMI-shielding materials often suffer from limited multifunctionality when relying solely on dielectric fillers. This study specifically addresses the challenge of achieving simultaneous dielectric, magnetic, and EMI-shielding enhancement using waste-derived, surface-modified reinforcements. Epoxy composites reinforced with 40 vol% silane-treated bamboo viscose microfiber were doped with 1–5 vol% silane-treated Fe3O4 particles extracted from bagasse waste, and their electromagnetic performance was systematically evaluated. Among all formulations, the composite containing 5 vol% Fe3O4 (EBF3) showed the most significant improvement. The dielectric permittivity and loss increased to 4.79 and 0.71, respectively, indicating strong interfacial polarization and enhanced charge transport. Magnetic permeability also peaked in EBF3, with real permeability increasing from 3.40 to 4.41 and imaginary permeability from 0.67 to 1.56 over 8–20 Hz, confirming improved magnetic dipole interactions and damping. As a result, EBF3 achieved superior EMI-shielding effectiveness of 9.33 dB (E-band), 15.11 dB (F-band), 21.34 dB (I-band), and 31.56 dB (J-band), dominated by combined dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and multiple internal reflections. These results demonstrate that controlled Fe3O4 loading in a silane-treated fiber–filler system enables efficient magnetodielectric coupling and effective EMI shielding, identifying EBF3 as a promising lightweight composite for mid-frequency EMI-shielding applications, lightweight EMI-shielding and magnetodielectric components for electronic enclosures, automotive electronics, and communication systems, and sustainable shielding materials for antennas and sensors using waste-derived magnetic fillers.