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<p>This study investigates a novel one-step hydrothermal method for modifying nylon/spandex blend fabrics through the integration of Ag-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>, a silane coupling agent, and reactive dyes, aiming to enhance multifunctionality including UV protection, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anti-soiling, and anti-icing properties. The treated fabrics exhibited a water contact angle of 151.5°, signifying exceptional superhydrophobicity, and a UV protection factor of 500, indicating superior UV shielding. Self-cleaning efficiency was demonstrated by the formation of stable liquid droplets on the surface, while anti-soiling and anti-icing tests confirmed effective dirt and ice repellency. Mechanically, the Ag-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> modification improved stretch, bending, shear, and compression performance, reduced surface roughness and friction, and altered elastic recovery, with wale stretch recovery decreasing from 80.6 to 9.7% and course recovery increasing from 73.9 to 78.0%, reflecting enhanced course elasticity but compromised wale recovery due to modified fiber–matrix interactions and increased surface stiffness. Colorimetric analysis (CIELAB and <i>K/S</i> values) revealed enhanced color depth and stability, with excellent color fastness (grade 5) maintained post-washing, despite minimal influence from fluorosilicon-induced hydrophobicity on dye penetration. This efficient, cost-effective modification process yields high-performance multifunctional textiles, suitable for applications in sportswear, outdoor apparel, and other advanced textile products.</p>

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One-Step Hydrothermal Dyeing with Ag-Doped TiO2 Coating for UV Protection, Superhydrophobicity, Self-Cleaning, Anti-Soiling, and Anti-Icing in Nylon/Spandex Blend Fabrics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Hong-Li Wang,
  • Hui Zhang,
  • Xiang-Tao Xuan,
  • Cheng-Cheng Tian,
  • Qiu-Ling Che,
  • Lin Hou,
  • Yue-Yue Song

摘要

This study investigates a novel one-step hydrothermal method for modifying nylon/spandex blend fabrics through the integration of Ag-doped TiO2, a silane coupling agent, and reactive dyes, aiming to enhance multifunctionality including UV protection, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, anti-soiling, and anti-icing properties. The treated fabrics exhibited a water contact angle of 151.5°, signifying exceptional superhydrophobicity, and a UV protection factor of 500, indicating superior UV shielding. Self-cleaning efficiency was demonstrated by the formation of stable liquid droplets on the surface, while anti-soiling and anti-icing tests confirmed effective dirt and ice repellency. Mechanically, the Ag-doped TiO2 modification improved stretch, bending, shear, and compression performance, reduced surface roughness and friction, and altered elastic recovery, with wale stretch recovery decreasing from 80.6 to 9.7% and course recovery increasing from 73.9 to 78.0%, reflecting enhanced course elasticity but compromised wale recovery due to modified fiber–matrix interactions and increased surface stiffness. Colorimetric analysis (CIELAB and K/S values) revealed enhanced color depth and stability, with excellent color fastness (grade 5) maintained post-washing, despite minimal influence from fluorosilicon-induced hydrophobicity on dye penetration. This efficient, cost-effective modification process yields high-performance multifunctional textiles, suitable for applications in sportswear, outdoor apparel, and other advanced textile products.