Process Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Silk Fabrics Dyed with the Extract of Larix gmelinii Fallen Needles
摘要
Dyes were extracted from Larix gmelinii (L. gmelinii) fallen needles. Through single-factor experiments, the dyeing process of L. gmelinii needle extract on silk fabrics was optimized. Metal mordants (aluminum potassium sulfate and ferrous sulfate) were used to assist in mordant dyeing of silk fabrics, and the optimal mordanting methods of each mordant were identified. The dyed fabrics were evaluated for color characteristics, including color intensity, color characteristics, color fastness, and value of the color application. The dye compositions of L. gmelinii needle extract were flavonoids and tannins. The optimal dyeing condition for silk fabrics were found to be a pH of 3.0, a temperature of 80 °C, and a duration of 40 min. For mordanting, meta-mordanting with aluminum potassium sulfate was optimal, while ferrous sulfate was most effective when used as a post-mordant. The resulting color characteristics were as follows: meta-mordanting with aluminum potassium ochre tones, similar to dyeing without mordant; and ferrous sulfate post-mordanting yielded grey-brown tones. The range of color characteristics observed was a* (2.28–13.80), b* (1.14–25.10), C* (2.59–28.91), h° (26.17°–68.68°). Silk fabrics dyed with mordants demonstrated excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration, and light, meeting national textile industry standards. All the 21 distinct colors obtained matched Pantone color standards, indicating potential for international applicability with a broad range of uses. This study provided a novel approach and method for the value-added utilization of agricultural and forestry waste in the textile industry.