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<p>Here, we innovatively prepared a novel breathable, waterproof and windproof micro/nanofibrous membrane for a variety of potential applications, such as protective clothing, sports clothing, and filter media. The membrane consists of a thin layer of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyurethane nanofiber layer containing silica nanoparticles (PVDF/PU–SiO<sub>2</sub>) over the hydrophobic polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber layer. The effects of electrospinning time (3–5&#xa0;h) and PSF hollow fiber layer grammage (1.5–2.5&#xa0;g) on the breathability and barrier performance of micro/nanofibrous membrane were evaluated. Fabrication of uniform and bead-free PVDF/PU-SiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers over the PSF hollow fiber layer was confirmed by electron microscopy. The resulting micro/nanofibrous membrane‐based clothing system was endowed with an increased water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 14,271&#xa0;g/m<sup>2</sup>/day, suggesting its high breathability and body-generated moisture transferability. Benefiting from combining PVDF/PU–SiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibrous layer and microporous PSF hollow fiber membrane, significant waterproofness was achieved with high water contact angle (WCA) of 139° and hydrostatic pressure of 410 mmH<sub>2</sub>O. In addition, exploring the windproof properties of developed micro/nanofibrous membrane revealed high air permeability value of 5.85&#xa0;mL/cm<sup>2</sup>/s. Furthermore, the micro/nanofibrous membrane exhibits good physical and comfort properties, with a bending length and a crease recovery angle (CRA) of 14.43&#xa0;cm and 115°, respectively. Unlike previous single-layer membranes, the developed bilayer PSF-PVDF/PU–SiO<sub>2</sub> micro/nanofibrous membrane leverages the microporous PSF hollow fiber layer to ensure structural integrity and moisture diffusion, while the PVDF/PU–SiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers provide outstanding hydrophobic properties and precisely adjustable pore structure for improved barrier performance. This hierarchical design demonstrates great potential for advancing next-generation sports clothing technologies.</p>

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Enhanced Breathable and Waterproof Properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Polyurethane (PVDF/PU–SiO2) Nanofibers Using Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Membrane as the Substrate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月31日

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  • Mahdi Hasanzadeh,
  • Mohammad Saleh Ahmadi,
  • Maryam Mohamadian,
  • Mohadeseh Ostadali

摘要

Here, we innovatively prepared a novel breathable, waterproof and windproof micro/nanofibrous membrane for a variety of potential applications, such as protective clothing, sports clothing, and filter media. The membrane consists of a thin layer of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyurethane nanofiber layer containing silica nanoparticles (PVDF/PU–SiO2) over the hydrophobic polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber layer. The effects of electrospinning time (3–5 h) and PSF hollow fiber layer grammage (1.5–2.5 g) on the breathability and barrier performance of micro/nanofibrous membrane were evaluated. Fabrication of uniform and bead-free PVDF/PU-SiO2 nanofibers over the PSF hollow fiber layer was confirmed by electron microscopy. The resulting micro/nanofibrous membrane‐based clothing system was endowed with an increased water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 14,271 g/m2/day, suggesting its high breathability and body-generated moisture transferability. Benefiting from combining PVDF/PU–SiO2 nanofibrous layer and microporous PSF hollow fiber membrane, significant waterproofness was achieved with high water contact angle (WCA) of 139° and hydrostatic pressure of 410 mmH2O. In addition, exploring the windproof properties of developed micro/nanofibrous membrane revealed high air permeability value of 5.85 mL/cm2/s. Furthermore, the micro/nanofibrous membrane exhibits good physical and comfort properties, with a bending length and a crease recovery angle (CRA) of 14.43 cm and 115°, respectively. Unlike previous single-layer membranes, the developed bilayer PSF-PVDF/PU–SiO2 micro/nanofibrous membrane leverages the microporous PSF hollow fiber layer to ensure structural integrity and moisture diffusion, while the PVDF/PU–SiO2 nanofibers provide outstanding hydrophobic properties and precisely adjustable pore structure for improved barrier performance. This hierarchical design demonstrates great potential for advancing next-generation sports clothing technologies.