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<p>Low efficiency and poor color build-up are the major shortcomings of traditional pretreatment method applied for dyeing of cotton fabrics. In the present work, we report microwave (MW) and ultrasonic (US) irradiations pretreatment methods for high-quality dyeing of cotton fabrics with Reactive Red 195. Importantly, compared to the control method, MW and US irradiations pretreatment increased the color strength value (<i>K/S</i>) 1.8 and 2.6-folds, respectively. Detailed evaluation of the irradiation pretreatment processes reveals that bleaching is the most important step for both MW and US irradiations. Temperature, time, NaHCO<sub>3</sub> and urea concentration were also examined for dyeing of MW or US pretreated fabrics. FT-IR, Raman, XRD, and FE-SEM characterization proved that irradiations did not affect the chemical nature of the cotton fabrics but can increase the roughness for easy formation of bonded dyes.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Microwave and Ultrasonic Irradiation Pretreatment for Efficient Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics with Reactive Red 195

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月24日

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  • Muhammad Kamran,
  • Fazal-ur-Rehman,
  • Shahid Adeel,
  • Runtong Zhang,
  • Baode Ma,
  • Shao-Tao Bai

摘要

Low efficiency and poor color build-up are the major shortcomings of traditional pretreatment method applied for dyeing of cotton fabrics. In the present work, we report microwave (MW) and ultrasonic (US) irradiations pretreatment methods for high-quality dyeing of cotton fabrics with Reactive Red 195. Importantly, compared to the control method, MW and US irradiations pretreatment increased the color strength value (K/S) 1.8 and 2.6-folds, respectively. Detailed evaluation of the irradiation pretreatment processes reveals that bleaching is the most important step for both MW and US irradiations. Temperature, time, NaHCO3 and urea concentration were also examined for dyeing of MW or US pretreated fabrics. FT-IR, Raman, XRD, and FE-SEM characterization proved that irradiations did not affect the chemical nature of the cotton fabrics but can increase the roughness for easy formation of bonded dyes.

Graphical abstract