<p>This article is devoted to the following Kirchhoff-type equation with the convolution nonlinearity: <Equation ID="Equ50"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_Equ50.gif" Format="GIF" Height="43" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="532" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -\left( a+b\int _{{\mathbb R}^2}|\nabla u|^2\textrm{d}x\right) \Delta u+V(\varepsilon x)u=\mu (I_\alpha *|u|^q)|u|^{q-2}u+f(u)\ \ \text{ in }\ {\mathbb R}^2, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon , \mu &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are parameters, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a&gt;0, b\geqslant 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="101" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q&gt;(6+\alpha )/2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(I_\alpha \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the Riesz potential, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0&lt;\alpha &lt;2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="93" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V\in \mathcal {C}({\mathbb R}^2,{\mathbb R})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="84" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in \mathcal {C}({\mathbb R}, {\mathbb R})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. By applying variational methods, we obtain the existence of positive ground state solutions for the above equation, which concentrates at a global minimum of <i>V</i> in the semi-classical limit as <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2121_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon \rightarrow 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Additionally, we demonstrate that this solution fulfills the property of exponential decay. At last, we use Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory and Morse theory to investigate the multiplicity of solutions for the above problem.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Positive Solutions for Double Nonlocal Equations in Dimension Two

  • Yiqing Li,
  • Binlin Zhang

摘要

This article is devoted to the following Kirchhoff-type equation with the convolution nonlinearity: \(\begin{aligned} -\left( a+b\int _{{\mathbb R}^2}|\nabla u|^2\textrm{d}x\right) \Delta u+V(\varepsilon x)u=\mu (I_\alpha *|u|^q)|u|^{q-2}u+f(u)\ \ \text{ in }\ {\mathbb R}^2, \end{aligned}\) - a + b R 2 | u | 2 d x Δ u + V ( ε x ) u = μ ( I α | u | q ) | u | q - 2 u + f ( u ) in R 2 , where \(\varepsilon , \mu >0\) ε , μ > 0 are parameters, \(a>0, b\geqslant 0\) a > 0 , b 0 , \(q>(6+\alpha )/2\) q > ( 6 + α ) / 2 , \(I_\alpha \) I α is the Riesz potential, \(0<\alpha <2\) 0 < α < 2 , \(V\in \mathcal {C}({\mathbb R}^2,{\mathbb R})\) V C ( R 2 , R ) and \(f\in \mathcal {C}({\mathbb R}, {\mathbb R})\) f C ( R , R ) . By applying variational methods, we obtain the existence of positive ground state solutions for the above equation, which concentrates at a global minimum of V in the semi-classical limit as \(\varepsilon \rightarrow 0\) ε 0 . Additionally, we demonstrate that this solution fulfills the property of exponential decay. At last, we use Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory and Morse theory to investigate the multiplicity of solutions for the above problem.