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Abstract <p>Gene excision technologies have become essential tools in plant functional genomics and crop improvement. Among these, CRISPR/Cas9 has stood out as one of the most impactful methods for precise genome editing, particularly in crops like rice and wheat. Originally derived from bacterial immune systems, the CRISPR/Cas technology has revolutionized plant molecular biology by facilitating the creation of crops that can better withstand environmental stresses. Its precision, adaptability, and efficiency in targeting specific genes have made it a critical technique for introducing genetic changes, creating new allelic variants, and enhancing agronomic traits. In addition to its core functionality, recent advances in CRISPR/Cas technology have broadened its applications in both fundamental and applied plant science. This review explores various gene-editing approaches, with an emphasis on CRISPR/Cas and its expanding suite of tools—such as polygenic editing, base and prime editing, and chromosome restructuring—and their roles in improving crop genetics. We also delve into the latest innovations, including tissue-specific editing, CRISPR-based gene drives, and epigenetic modifications through dCas9. Furthermore, we touch on the promising development of CRISPR methods that enable the controlled removal of transgenes in plants. Finally, this review underscores how these cutting-edge CRISPR-based techniques are helping to accelerate progress in crop improvement.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Transforming field crops with CRISPR/Cas: a new era in genome editing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Asif Mukhtiar,
  • Athar Mahmood,
  • Muhammad Azam Khan,
  • Muaz Ameen,
  • Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri,
  • Sameer H. Qari

摘要

Abstract

Gene excision technologies have become essential tools in plant functional genomics and crop improvement. Among these, CRISPR/Cas9 has stood out as one of the most impactful methods for precise genome editing, particularly in crops like rice and wheat. Originally derived from bacterial immune systems, the CRISPR/Cas technology has revolutionized plant molecular biology by facilitating the creation of crops that can better withstand environmental stresses. Its precision, adaptability, and efficiency in targeting specific genes have made it a critical technique for introducing genetic changes, creating new allelic variants, and enhancing agronomic traits. In addition to its core functionality, recent advances in CRISPR/Cas technology have broadened its applications in both fundamental and applied plant science. This review explores various gene-editing approaches, with an emphasis on CRISPR/Cas and its expanding suite of tools—such as polygenic editing, base and prime editing, and chromosome restructuring—and their roles in improving crop genetics. We also delve into the latest innovations, including tissue-specific editing, CRISPR-based gene drives, and epigenetic modifications through dCas9. Furthermore, we touch on the promising development of CRISPR methods that enable the controlled removal of transgenes in plants. Finally, this review underscores how these cutting-edge CRISPR-based techniques are helping to accelerate progress in crop improvement.

Graphical abstract