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<p>Tuscany region (Italy) hosts a large wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) population. The spread of these large mammals in agricultural areas poses significant challenges for farmers, local communities, and ecosystems. Moreover, it represents a health risk by favoring the spread of bacterial and viral pathogens. In this study, we investigated the genetic variability of wild boar from Tuscany using short tandem repeats (STRs) markers. Sixty wild boars hunted across four provinces (Pisa, Siena, Livorno, and Grosseto) during the 2018/2019 hunting season were processed. DNA was extracted from kidney and 15 microsatellites commonly used for genetic analysis (S0005, S0090, S0101, S0155, SW24, SW240, SW857, SW72, SW936, SW911, S0227, S0228, S0386, S0355, and SW951) were employed. For each marker, we calculated the number of alleles, allelic frequencies, effective number of alleles, observed heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content. We also computed molecular co-ancestry coefficients, kinship distance, inbreeding coefficients, and genetic similarities. Population structure was inferred using STRUCTURE. Pairwise Wright’s Fixation Index (F<sub>ST</sub>) and the gene flow estimation (N<sub>m</sub>) comparisons were performed between sample from all provinces, providing insight into the degree of genetic exchange and connectivity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to examine the partitioning of genetic diversity among populations from the four provinces. In total, 87 alleles were found; two markers (S0355 and SW951) were monomorphic, while the other 13 were polymorphic, with allele counts ranging from three (S0228) to 20 (S0005), and a mean of 6.54 (± 4.351). Results indicated an unstructured and homogeneous population due to the lack of significant geographical barriers and the short distances between sampling sites.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Observations on microsatellite genetic variation of a wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) population from Tuscany (Italy)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Francesca Cecchi,
  • Giovanna Preziuso,
  • Emilia Ventura,
  • Lorella Giuliotti

摘要

Tuscany region (Italy) hosts a large wild boar (Sus scrofa) population. The spread of these large mammals in agricultural areas poses significant challenges for farmers, local communities, and ecosystems. Moreover, it represents a health risk by favoring the spread of bacterial and viral pathogens. In this study, we investigated the genetic variability of wild boar from Tuscany using short tandem repeats (STRs) markers. Sixty wild boars hunted across four provinces (Pisa, Siena, Livorno, and Grosseto) during the 2018/2019 hunting season were processed. DNA was extracted from kidney and 15 microsatellites commonly used for genetic analysis (S0005, S0090, S0101, S0155, SW24, SW240, SW857, SW72, SW936, SW911, S0227, S0228, S0386, S0355, and SW951) were employed. For each marker, we calculated the number of alleles, allelic frequencies, effective number of alleles, observed heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content. We also computed molecular co-ancestry coefficients, kinship distance, inbreeding coefficients, and genetic similarities. Population structure was inferred using STRUCTURE. Pairwise Wright’s Fixation Index (FST) and the gene flow estimation (Nm) comparisons were performed between sample from all provinces, providing insight into the degree of genetic exchange and connectivity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to examine the partitioning of genetic diversity among populations from the four provinces. In total, 87 alleles were found; two markers (S0355 and SW951) were monomorphic, while the other 13 were polymorphic, with allele counts ranging from three (S0228) to 20 (S0005), and a mean of 6.54 (± 4.351). Results indicated an unstructured and homogeneous population due to the lack of significant geographical barriers and the short distances between sampling sites.

Graphic abstract