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<p>In this study, the liquified ammonia was injected into a pressurized, heated constant volume chamber using multi-hole injector. The chamber ambient conditions were based on ammonia-fueled engine cylinder, and the spray morphology was captured to 2 high-speed cameras. Shadowgraph imaging technique was adopted for the high-speed camera at the side of the chamber and the other at the bottom of the chamber. We observed both jet and cone shaped liquid ammonia spray morphology, also transitioning from the jet shape to cone shape. Branches from each hole of the injector formed high concentration at the jet core in the process of the transition, however low concentration at the cone shape. Penetration length and spray width of the liquid ammonia was related to the injection pressure and chamber ambient pressure, whereas spray angle of the liquid ammonia was related to the spray morphology.</p>

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Comparison of liquid ammonia spray morphology and its characteristics from multi-hole GDI injector in a pressurized constant volume chamber

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Jinho Oh,
  • Hyunduk Seo,
  • Eunkoo Yun,
  • Hyun Dong Kim,
  • Sechul Oh,
  • Kyung Chun Kim

摘要

In this study, the liquified ammonia was injected into a pressurized, heated constant volume chamber using multi-hole injector. The chamber ambient conditions were based on ammonia-fueled engine cylinder, and the spray morphology was captured to 2 high-speed cameras. Shadowgraph imaging technique was adopted for the high-speed camera at the side of the chamber and the other at the bottom of the chamber. We observed both jet and cone shaped liquid ammonia spray morphology, also transitioning from the jet shape to cone shape. Branches from each hole of the injector formed high concentration at the jet core in the process of the transition, however low concentration at the cone shape. Penetration length and spray width of the liquid ammonia was related to the injection pressure and chamber ambient pressure, whereas spray angle of the liquid ammonia was related to the spray morphology.