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<p>In this work, the wear behavior, hardness, and microstructure of brass matrix surface composites (BMSCs) are produced by friction stir processing techniques with different traverse speeds varying between 23 to 57 mm/min. The tungsten particle (W) with a volume fraction of 9 % and rotational speed of 1000 rpm are considered as other constant process parameter. Microstructural analysis revealed no W particle clustering in the stir zone, with the lowest speed of 23 mm/min showing refined grains. The hardness decreased as traverse speed increased, reaching 165 Hv at 23 mm/min and 142 Hv at 57 mm/min, due to improved particle distribution, higher dislocation density, and refined grains at lower speeds. Similarly, wear rate decreased from 306 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/m at 57 mm/min to 239 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/m at 23 mm/min, while the coefficient of friction dropped from 0.62 to 0.36. Wear mechanisms varied with speed: adhesion and micro-cutting dominated at 57 mm/min, whereas adhesive wear was prevalent at 23 mm/min, along with smaller wear debris sizes at lower speeds.</p>

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Improved wear performance of brass/W surface composite fabricated through friction stir processing at different tool traverse speeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • S. Vigneshwaran,
  • S. Karpagarajan,
  • C. Balamurugan,
  • Haitham M. Alswat,
  • El-Sayed I. Abdel Aziz

摘要

In this work, the wear behavior, hardness, and microstructure of brass matrix surface composites (BMSCs) are produced by friction stir processing techniques with different traverse speeds varying between 23 to 57 mm/min. The tungsten particle (W) with a volume fraction of 9 % and rotational speed of 1000 rpm are considered as other constant process parameter. Microstructural analysis revealed no W particle clustering in the stir zone, with the lowest speed of 23 mm/min showing refined grains. The hardness decreased as traverse speed increased, reaching 165 Hv at 23 mm/min and 142 Hv at 57 mm/min, due to improved particle distribution, higher dislocation density, and refined grains at lower speeds. Similarly, wear rate decreased from 306 × 10−5 mm3/m at 57 mm/min to 239 × 10−5 mm3/m at 23 mm/min, while the coefficient of friction dropped from 0.62 to 0.36. Wear mechanisms varied with speed: adhesion and micro-cutting dominated at 57 mm/min, whereas adhesive wear was prevalent at 23 mm/min, along with smaller wear debris sizes at lower speeds.