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<p>As the dominant auxiliary energy-consuming component in electric vehicles, air conditioning compressors directly impact overall driving range. Linear compressors, which replace crank-connecting rod mechanisms with linear oscillating motors to drive pistons directly, exhibit superior efficiency relative to conventional rotary compressors. Their compatibility with oil-free or micro-oil lubrication further makes them ideal for integration into electric vehicle heat pump systems. This study systematically investigates thrust characteristics in E-type cylindrical moving-magnet linear oscillating motors (MMLOM) through finite element method (FEM) simulations and experimental validation. The key findings are as follows: an exploration into the impact of radial offset and armature deflection on the thrust characteristics of the motor was conducted, revealing a direct relationship between radial force and offset/deflection dimensions. Specifically, it was observed that the radial electromagnetic force (EMF) increases linearly with both radial offset and armature deflection, culminating in a peak value of 67.39 N with a 0.3 mm offset. Furthermore, the investigation elucidated the position-dependent nature of the electromagnetic thrust coefficient, demonstrating a 15.37 % reduction in thrust coefficient due to magnetic leakage effects when the armature deviates 3 mm from its central position. A notable observation was made regarding the behavior of the armature in the absence of excitation current, where the magnetic spring force consistently displaces the armature away from its central position, reaching a maximum force of 93.67 N at a 5.5 mm deviation. These study outcomes establish a quantitative foundation for the design of radial support structures in compressors, with valuable implications for addressing the issue of thrust nonlinearity through dynamic compensation integration into control systems. The findings presented in this research are anticipated to catalyze advancements in the development of high-efficiency linear compressors for next-generation thermal management systems in electric vehicles.</p>

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Simulation and experimental analysis of the thrust characteristics of the moving-magnet linear oscillating motor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Liping Tang,
  • Zhangquan Lv,
  • YuZhen Wang,
  • Penghui Huang,
  • Xianyang Liu,
  • Hongyue Chen,
  • Chun Wang

摘要

As the dominant auxiliary energy-consuming component in electric vehicles, air conditioning compressors directly impact overall driving range. Linear compressors, which replace crank-connecting rod mechanisms with linear oscillating motors to drive pistons directly, exhibit superior efficiency relative to conventional rotary compressors. Their compatibility with oil-free or micro-oil lubrication further makes them ideal for integration into electric vehicle heat pump systems. This study systematically investigates thrust characteristics in E-type cylindrical moving-magnet linear oscillating motors (MMLOM) through finite element method (FEM) simulations and experimental validation. The key findings are as follows: an exploration into the impact of radial offset and armature deflection on the thrust characteristics of the motor was conducted, revealing a direct relationship between radial force and offset/deflection dimensions. Specifically, it was observed that the radial electromagnetic force (EMF) increases linearly with both radial offset and armature deflection, culminating in a peak value of 67.39 N with a 0.3 mm offset. Furthermore, the investigation elucidated the position-dependent nature of the electromagnetic thrust coefficient, demonstrating a 15.37 % reduction in thrust coefficient due to magnetic leakage effects when the armature deviates 3 mm from its central position. A notable observation was made regarding the behavior of the armature in the absence of excitation current, where the magnetic spring force consistently displaces the armature away from its central position, reaching a maximum force of 93.67 N at a 5.5 mm deviation. These study outcomes establish a quantitative foundation for the design of radial support structures in compressors, with valuable implications for addressing the issue of thrust nonlinearity through dynamic compensation integration into control systems. The findings presented in this research are anticipated to catalyze advancements in the development of high-efficiency linear compressors for next-generation thermal management systems in electric vehicles.