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<p>This study investigates borehole thermal resistance (BTR) in ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems, focusing on the impact of grout thermal conductivity and borehole design on system performance. Using three calculation methods: Paul, multipole, and Koenig, the study assesses BTR across seven borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) with varying grout types, including conventional bentonite and thermally enhanced grout (TEG). Thermal response tests (TRTs) and simulations were conducted to evaluate thermal properties across different grout thermal conductivities (0.76 to 2.0 W/mK) and pipe configurations. The results demonstrate that TEG significantly reduces BTR, enhances heat transfer, and allows for shorter borehole lengths, thereby reducing installation costs. Among the methods, Paul’s approach consistently overestimated BTR compared to multipole and Koenig, underscoring the need to select suitable models for accurate GSHP design. This research highlights the importance of optimizing grout selection and pipe configuration to improve GSHP efficiency, providing reliable insights for sustainable system design and reduced environmental impact.</p>

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Evaluating borehole thermal resistance for ground source heat pumps: A comparative analysis of calculation methods and grout thermal conductivity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Byoung Ohan Shim

摘要

This study investigates borehole thermal resistance (BTR) in ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems, focusing on the impact of grout thermal conductivity and borehole design on system performance. Using three calculation methods: Paul, multipole, and Koenig, the study assesses BTR across seven borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) with varying grout types, including conventional bentonite and thermally enhanced grout (TEG). Thermal response tests (TRTs) and simulations were conducted to evaluate thermal properties across different grout thermal conductivities (0.76 to 2.0 W/mK) and pipe configurations. The results demonstrate that TEG significantly reduces BTR, enhances heat transfer, and allows for shorter borehole lengths, thereby reducing installation costs. Among the methods, Paul’s approach consistently overestimated BTR compared to multipole and Koenig, underscoring the need to select suitable models for accurate GSHP design. This research highlights the importance of optimizing grout selection and pipe configuration to improve GSHP efficiency, providing reliable insights for sustainable system design and reduced environmental impact.