<p>This study focuses on the mechanical seal of ship stern shafts, utilizing a Gaussian rough surface morphology for three-dimensional numerical simulations. Randomly distributed micropores are introduced on the sealing face as textures. The distribution of the lubricating film was simulated numerically using MATLAB, and a dynamic model of the stationary ring, considering axial vibration and angular oscillation, was developed. The model was solved iteratively using the Runge-Kutta numerical method. The effects of the Gaussian rough surface and the distribution of the random micropores on the dynamic characteristics of the mechanical seal were investigated. A sealing experimental apparatus was used to compare the sealing performance of the smooth and micropore-textured stationary rings at different rotational speeds. The results indicated that the distribution of the random micropores significantly affected leakage rate, liquid film pressure, and contact pressure. The Gaussian rough surface enhanced the load-carrying capacity and compressive strength of the liquid film, reduced leakage, and improved sealing performance. As the main shaft speed increased from 100 rpm to 600 rpm, the leakage rate increased with the rotational speed. The contact-type mechanical seal maintains good stability and sealing performance under external excitation and varying medium pressure. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the optimization of mechanical seals.</p>