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<p>This study proposes a hybrid cooling system for an electrical panel that integrates forced-air circulation through a C-shaped channel with PCM-based heat absorption. Experimental measurements of the velocity field and temperature distribution are used to validate a numerical model simulating coupled fluid flow and heat transfer. The validated model subsequently assesses the PCM-enhanced thermal performance and overall cooling efficiency. A 3D CFD model couples Navier-Stokes equations with an enthalpy-porosity PCM formulation, simulating conjugate heat transfer. The results reveal that the proposed system effectively lowers the temperature of the equipment and eliminates hot spots. Specifically, the average temperatures of the equipment were reduced by 36 °C for circuit breakers, 27.5 °C for fuses, 31 °C for bimetallic overload relays, and 22.5 °C for contactors. On average, the lifetime of the equipment increased by up to 12.5 times for circuit breakers, 6.5 times for fuses, 8.5 times for bimetallic overload relays, and 5 times for contactors compared to the unmodified condition.</p>

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Cooling of an electrical panel using a modified airflow pattern and a PCM enclosure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月4日

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  • Vahid Abdi,
  • Jafar Jamaati,
  • Farzad Veysi

摘要

This study proposes a hybrid cooling system for an electrical panel that integrates forced-air circulation through a C-shaped channel with PCM-based heat absorption. Experimental measurements of the velocity field and temperature distribution are used to validate a numerical model simulating coupled fluid flow and heat transfer. The validated model subsequently assesses the PCM-enhanced thermal performance and overall cooling efficiency. A 3D CFD model couples Navier-Stokes equations with an enthalpy-porosity PCM formulation, simulating conjugate heat transfer. The results reveal that the proposed system effectively lowers the temperature of the equipment and eliminates hot spots. Specifically, the average temperatures of the equipment were reduced by 36 °C for circuit breakers, 27.5 °C for fuses, 31 °C for bimetallic overload relays, and 22.5 °C for contactors. On average, the lifetime of the equipment increased by up to 12.5 times for circuit breakers, 6.5 times for fuses, 8.5 times for bimetallic overload relays, and 5 times for contactors compared to the unmodified condition.