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<p>Changes in body composition, particularly sarcopenia and adipose tissue remodeling, have prognostic implications in multiple myeloma (MM). This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic value of PET/CT-derived muscle indices and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in 75 MM patients aged ≥ 60&#xa0;years treated between January 2023 and March 2025. Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was performed in 41.3% of patients. Median progression-free survival was 6.06&#xa0;months, with a median follow-up of 25.70&#xa0;months. ASCT was independently associated with improved overall survival (OR: 0.249, <i>p</i> = 0.060) and a reduced risk of final disease progression (OR: 0.260, <i>p</i> = 0.019). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores independently predicted increased mortality (OR: 1.677, <i>p</i> = 0.017). Reduced skeletal muscle mass, particularly a lower pectoralis major index, was independently associated with disease progression (OR: 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Among ASCT recipients, higher BAT activity (SUVmean) showed a strong negative correlation with post-transplant progression-free survival (rho = −0.717, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). PET/CT-based body composition analysis may provide additional prognostic value in MM.</p>

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Psoas and pectoralis muscle indices and brown adipose tissue activity may be prognostic indicators in older patients with multiple myeloma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Merve Yilmaz Kars,
  • Taha Ulutan Kars,
  • Mustafa Cayci,
  • Metin Bagci,
  • Salih Cirik,
  • Ayse Gunay,
  • Seda Yılmaz,
  • Abdulkadir Basturk,
  • Muhammet Cemal Kizilarslanoglu

摘要

Changes in body composition, particularly sarcopenia and adipose tissue remodeling, have prognostic implications in multiple myeloma (MM). This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic value of PET/CT-derived muscle indices and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in 75 MM patients aged ≥ 60 years treated between January 2023 and March 2025. Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was performed in 41.3% of patients. Median progression-free survival was 6.06 months, with a median follow-up of 25.70 months. ASCT was independently associated with improved overall survival (OR: 0.249, p = 0.060) and a reduced risk of final disease progression (OR: 0.260, p = 0.019). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores independently predicted increased mortality (OR: 1.677, p = 0.017). Reduced skeletal muscle mass, particularly a lower pectoralis major index, was independently associated with disease progression (OR: 0.003, p = 0.012). Among ASCT recipients, higher BAT activity (SUVmean) showed a strong negative correlation with post-transplant progression-free survival (rho = −0.717, p < 0.05). PET/CT-based body composition analysis may provide additional prognostic value in MM.