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Objective <p>Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis is recommended for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who are at high risk of CNS relapse. This study aimed to determine the impact of CNS prophylaxis on CNS relapse rates and overall survival (OS) in this patient population, as well as the optimal method for CNS prophylaxis.</p> Methods <p>This was a retrospective analysis of 178 patients with DLBCL at high risk of CNS relapse who were treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) or its derivatives with (<i>N</i> = 60) or without (<i>N</i> = 118) CNS prophylaxis.</p> Results <p>The 2-year CNS relapse rate was 17.6% in the all-prophylaxis group (HD-MTX 17.4%, IT 48.1%, and HD-MTX + IT 6.2%) and 13.0% in the non-prophylaxis group, with no significant difference between groups. However, HD-MTX + IT decreased the risk of CNS relapse. After a median follow-up of 72.8&#xa0;months, HD-MTX + IT addition significantly improved the 5-year OS (HD-MTX 73.5%, IT 44.4%, HD-MTX + IT 93.2%; non-prophylaxis group 58.0%; <i>p</i> = 0.013). This advantage was maintained in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 0.160; 95% confidence interval: 0.039–0.663; <i>p</i> = 0.012).</p> Conclusions <p>CNS prophylaxis with HD-MTX + IT improved the prognosis of patients with DLBCL at high risk of CNS relapse.</p>

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CNS prophylaxis with high-dose methotrexate and intrathecal chemotherapy improves survival in DLBCL with high CNS relapse risk

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Yuri Miyazawa,
  • Akihiko Yokohama,
  • Takuma Ishizaki,
  • Takayuki Saitoh,
  • Akio Saito,
  • Kohtaro Toyama,
  • Takeki Mitsui,
  • Kayoko Murayama,
  • Hidemi Ogura,
  • Norifumi Tsukamoto,
  • Hiroshi Handa

摘要

Objective

Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis is recommended for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who are at high risk of CNS relapse. This study aimed to determine the impact of CNS prophylaxis on CNS relapse rates and overall survival (OS) in this patient population, as well as the optimal method for CNS prophylaxis.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of 178 patients with DLBCL at high risk of CNS relapse who were treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) or its derivatives with (N = 60) or without (N = 118) CNS prophylaxis.

Results

The 2-year CNS relapse rate was 17.6% in the all-prophylaxis group (HD-MTX 17.4%, IT 48.1%, and HD-MTX + IT 6.2%) and 13.0% in the non-prophylaxis group, with no significant difference between groups. However, HD-MTX + IT decreased the risk of CNS relapse. After a median follow-up of 72.8 months, HD-MTX + IT addition significantly improved the 5-year OS (HD-MTX 73.5%, IT 44.4%, HD-MTX + IT 93.2%; non-prophylaxis group 58.0%; p = 0.013). This advantage was maintained in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 0.160; 95% confidence interval: 0.039–0.663; p = 0.012).

Conclusions

CNS prophylaxis with HD-MTX + IT improved the prognosis of patients with DLBCL at high risk of CNS relapse.