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Purpose of Review <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled behavioral health coaching has emerged as a potential solution for managing obesity and related complications. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness, engagement, and ethical implications of AI-enabled behavioral coaching platforms in the management of obesity.</p> Recent Findings <p>Our search identified 21 relevant studies. Of these, 8 were randomized controlled trials and 13 were observational studies (including pretest-protest, longitudinal, retrospective cohort and single-arm intervention studies). AI-based platforms were associated with clinically significant weight loss (ranging from − 0.8&#xa0;kg to − 13.9% of baseline weight), systolic blood pressure reductions up to − 18.6 mmHg, improvements in HbA1c (up to − 1.2% points) and LDL cholesterol (up to − 66.6&#xa0;mg/dL). Engagement levels were high, with retention rates ranging from 57 to 92%, particularly in hybrid models combining AI with human coaching. Ethical concerns reported included algorithmic opacity, lack of cultural tailoring, and unequal access due to technological barriers.</p> Summary <p>AI-driven behavioral coaching platforms demonstrate promising effectiveness in obesity and cardiometabolic risk management, with outcomes comparable to traditional lifestyle interventions. However, ethical limitations, short study durations, and variability in design highlight the need for longer-term, diverse, and ethically grounded research. Future studies should emphasize algorithm transparency, data governance, equitable access, and integration into routine clinical care.</p>

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Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Obesity Care: A Systematic Review of AI-Enabled Behavioral Coaching Platforms, Outcomes, and Ethical Implications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Rajiev Hallock,
  • Nihit Mehta,
  • Niki Patel,
  • Niteesh Ganesan,
  • Christine Kang,
  • Melissa Pulis,
  • Johnie Rose

摘要

Purpose of Review

Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled behavioral health coaching has emerged as a potential solution for managing obesity and related complications. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness, engagement, and ethical implications of AI-enabled behavioral coaching platforms in the management of obesity.

Recent Findings

Our search identified 21 relevant studies. Of these, 8 were randomized controlled trials and 13 were observational studies (including pretest-protest, longitudinal, retrospective cohort and single-arm intervention studies). AI-based platforms were associated with clinically significant weight loss (ranging from − 0.8 kg to − 13.9% of baseline weight), systolic blood pressure reductions up to − 18.6 mmHg, improvements in HbA1c (up to − 1.2% points) and LDL cholesterol (up to − 66.6 mg/dL). Engagement levels were high, with retention rates ranging from 57 to 92%, particularly in hybrid models combining AI with human coaching. Ethical concerns reported included algorithmic opacity, lack of cultural tailoring, and unequal access due to technological barriers.

Summary

AI-driven behavioral coaching platforms demonstrate promising effectiveness in obesity and cardiometabolic risk management, with outcomes comparable to traditional lifestyle interventions. However, ethical limitations, short study durations, and variability in design highlight the need for longer-term, diverse, and ethically grounded research. Future studies should emphasize algorithm transparency, data governance, equitable access, and integration into routine clinical care.