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<p><i>Dendrobium officinale</i> is a renowned medicinal and edible plant, and its market value is closely related to its growth years<i>.</i> In this study, a nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Nano-ESI-MS) was established to rapidly obtain the chemical profiling and identify <i>D. officinale</i> with different growth years. The proposed method demonstrated high linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.9979), low LODs (0.03–0.26&#xa0;mg·L<sup>−1</sup>) and LOQs (0.09–0.77&#xa0;mg·L<sup>−1</sup>), high precision (RSD &lt; 10%), and satisfactory recoveries (82.29%–117.13%). Through this validated protocol, fluctuations in the levels of monosaccharides and disaccharides were characterized, corresponding to the trends in total polysaccharide content. A total of 45 metabolites were detected, primarily consisting of amino acids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Multivariate analyses including principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis achieved distinct separation of samples from different growth years (1–3&#xa0;years). Subsequently, 28 differential metabolites were screened based on VIP &gt; 1 and <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05. The levels of amino acids increased age-dependently, whereas flavonoids exhibited a maximum accumulation in 2-year-old samples. In summary, Nano-ESI-MS offers a rapid and sensitive approach for differentiating <i>D. officinale</i> of different growth years and identifying metabolic variations, providing significant practical value for quality evaluation and market authentication.&#xa0; </p>

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Rapid Identification of Dendrobium officinale with Different Growth Years Based on Nano-electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry基于纳米电喷雾电离质谱技术对不同生长年限的铁皮石斛进行快速鉴定

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Jinzhu Gu,
  • Qiuning Wang,
  • Wenjie Yu,
  • Yuyang Guo,
  • Liping Luo

摘要

Dendrobium officinale is a renowned medicinal and edible plant, and its market value is closely related to its growth years. In this study, a nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Nano-ESI-MS) was established to rapidly obtain the chemical profiling and identify D. officinale with different growth years. The proposed method demonstrated high linearity (R2 > 0.9979), low LODs (0.03–0.26 mg·L−1) and LOQs (0.09–0.77 mg·L−1), high precision (RSD < 10%), and satisfactory recoveries (82.29%–117.13%). Through this validated protocol, fluctuations in the levels of monosaccharides and disaccharides were characterized, corresponding to the trends in total polysaccharide content. A total of 45 metabolites were detected, primarily consisting of amino acids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Multivariate analyses including principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis achieved distinct separation of samples from different growth years (1–3 years). Subsequently, 28 differential metabolites were screened based on VIP > 1 and P < 0.05. The levels of amino acids increased age-dependently, whereas flavonoids exhibited a maximum accumulation in 2-year-old samples. In summary, Nano-ESI-MS offers a rapid and sensitive approach for differentiating D. officinale of different growth years and identifying metabolic variations, providing significant practical value for quality evaluation and market authentication.