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<p>Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a synthetic antioxidant widely used to inhibit lipid oxidation in edible oils; however, excessive intake may pose potential health risks, necessitating accurate and reliable analytical methods for its determination. Herein, a self-calibrated ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on a polythionine (pThi)/UiO-66/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube (COOH-MWCNT) composite was developed for the sensitive detection of TBHQ in edible oils. The UiO-66/COOH-MWCNT hybrid was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). By integrating the high surface area of UiO-66 with the superior conductivity of COOH-MWCNTs, the hybrid significantly enhanced electron transfer and electrocatalytic performance. In this ratiometric sensing strategy, the oxidation peak current of TBHQ at + 0.03&#xa0;V served as the analytical signal, while the reduction peak current of electropolymerized pThi at − 0.24&#xa0;V served as a stable internal reference to compensate for environmental fluctuations. Under optimal conditions, the proposed sensor exhibited two linear response ranges (0.10–100&#xa0;μM and 100–500&#xa0;μM) with a low detection limit of 0.078&#xa0;μM (S/N = 3). The method was successfully applied to commercial soybean oil samples, achieving recoveries of 91.0–94.0%, with results in good agreement with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This robust ratiometric sensing platform provides a practical, sensitive, and reliable strategy for rapid TBHQ determination in edible oils, demonstrating considerable potential for routine food quality monitoring.</p>

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A Ratiometric Electrochemical Sensor Based on Polythionine/UiO-66/COOH-MWCNTs for Sensitive Determination of Tert-Butylhydroquinone in Edible Oils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Meilin Song,
  • Sijia Zhao,
  • Haida Zhao,
  • Jing Wang,
  • Tenghe Ma,
  • Tengfei Li

摘要

Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a synthetic antioxidant widely used to inhibit lipid oxidation in edible oils; however, excessive intake may pose potential health risks, necessitating accurate and reliable analytical methods for its determination. Herein, a self-calibrated ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on a polythionine (pThi)/UiO-66/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube (COOH-MWCNT) composite was developed for the sensitive detection of TBHQ in edible oils. The UiO-66/COOH-MWCNT hybrid was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). By integrating the high surface area of UiO-66 with the superior conductivity of COOH-MWCNTs, the hybrid significantly enhanced electron transfer and electrocatalytic performance. In this ratiometric sensing strategy, the oxidation peak current of TBHQ at + 0.03 V served as the analytical signal, while the reduction peak current of electropolymerized pThi at − 0.24 V served as a stable internal reference to compensate for environmental fluctuations. Under optimal conditions, the proposed sensor exhibited two linear response ranges (0.10–100 μM and 100–500 μM) with a low detection limit of 0.078 μM (S/N = 3). The method was successfully applied to commercial soybean oil samples, achieving recoveries of 91.0–94.0%, with results in good agreement with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This robust ratiometric sensing platform provides a practical, sensitive, and reliable strategy for rapid TBHQ determination in edible oils, demonstrating considerable potential for routine food quality monitoring.