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<p>Antarctic krill (<i>Euphausia superba</i>) meal is a nutrient-rich marine product widely used in health foods; however, its increasing market demand has raised concerns about adulteration with other shrimp species, such as <i>Euphausia pacifica</i>, <i>Acetes japonicus</i>, and <i>Trachypenaeus curvirostris</i>. Reliable methods for adulteration are urgently required. In this study, we developed a TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect adulteration in authentic Antarctic krill meal. Specific primers and probes (EAT-COIF, EAT-COIR, and EAT-COIP) were designed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and validated for specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The assay showed no cross-reactivity with nontarget species and achieved detection limits of 0.002 ng μL<sup>−1</sup> for <i>E. pacifica</i>, 0.2 ng μL<sup>−1</sup> for <i>T. curvirostris</i>, and 1 ng μL<sup>−1</sup> for <i>A. japonicus</i>. Adulterant DNA was detected at mass fractions as low as 0.1% for <i>E. pacifica</i> and 1% for <i>A. japonicus</i> and <i>T. curvirostris</i>. Analysis of 34 commercial samples revealed 20 adulterated products, yielding an overall positive rate of 58.82% and predominantly containing <i>E. pacifica</i>. This study establishes a sensitive and reliable molecular approach for authenticating Antarctic krill meal, supporting food safety monitoring and regulatory enforcement.</p>

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Development of a Real-Time PCR for Detecting Three Adulterant Shrimp Species in Antarctic Krill Meal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Enchong Liu,
  • Meng Qu,
  • Yanhua Jiang,
  • Yingying Guo,
  • Wenjia Zhu,
  • Na Li,
  • Junkui Miao,
  • Xinliang Wang,
  • Lianzhu Wang,
  • Lin Yao,
  • Fengling Li,
  • Zhijun Tan

摘要

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) meal is a nutrient-rich marine product widely used in health foods; however, its increasing market demand has raised concerns about adulteration with other shrimp species, such as Euphausia pacifica, Acetes japonicus, and Trachypenaeus curvirostris. Reliable methods for adulteration are urgently required. In this study, we developed a TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect adulteration in authentic Antarctic krill meal. Specific primers and probes (EAT-COIF, EAT-COIR, and EAT-COIP) were designed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and validated for specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The assay showed no cross-reactivity with nontarget species and achieved detection limits of 0.002 ng μL−1 for E. pacifica, 0.2 ng μL−1 for T. curvirostris, and 1 ng μL−1 for A. japonicus. Adulterant DNA was detected at mass fractions as low as 0.1% for E. pacifica and 1% for A. japonicus and T. curvirostris. Analysis of 34 commercial samples revealed 20 adulterated products, yielding an overall positive rate of 58.82% and predominantly containing E. pacifica. This study establishes a sensitive and reliable molecular approach for authenticating Antarctic krill meal, supporting food safety monitoring and regulatory enforcement.