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<p>This study evaluated the influence of by-products from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of olive mill waste on <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> metabolism during biogas upgrading. Three different HTC by-products were assessed: the raw suspension (total fraction, RS), solid biochar (SB), and the resulting supernatant (SU) after separation of solid biochar from the total fraction. The SU had a minor impact on the metabolism of both cultures while SB positively influenced only the metabolism of <i>A. platensis</i>, significantly enhancing the carbohydrate content by 56%. Moreover, RS promoted a superior performance, increasing CO<sub>2</sub> biofixation, biomass yield, productivity, and specific growth rate of <i>A. platensis</i> by 21, 22, 33, and 46%, respectively. Similarly, RS increased by 55% the carbohydrate content in <i>C. vulgaris.</i> A further optimization of RS dosage (1-, 2- and 3-mL L<sup>-1</sup>) revealed that 1 mL L<sup>-1</sup> supported the highest CO<sub>2</sub> consumption, O<sub>2</sub> production and biomass productivity in both photosynthetic microorganisms. Interestingly, the highest carbohydrate content was achieved when 3 mL L<sup>-1</sup> were supplemented to <i>C. vulgaris</i>. Therefore, the addition of RS positively influenced microalgal and cyanobacterial metabolism during biogas upgrading and modified the macromolecular composition of biomass from both cultures.</p>

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Influence of Hydrothermal Carbonization By-Products from Olive Mill Waste on Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis Cultures Devoted to Biogas Upgrading

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Bruna Sampaio de Mello,
  • Laura Vargas-Estrada,
  • Arnaldo Sarti,
  • Raúl Muñoz

摘要

This study evaluated the influence of by-products from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of olive mill waste on Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis metabolism during biogas upgrading. Three different HTC by-products were assessed: the raw suspension (total fraction, RS), solid biochar (SB), and the resulting supernatant (SU) after separation of solid biochar from the total fraction. The SU had a minor impact on the metabolism of both cultures while SB positively influenced only the metabolism of A. platensis, significantly enhancing the carbohydrate content by 56%. Moreover, RS promoted a superior performance, increasing CO2 biofixation, biomass yield, productivity, and specific growth rate of A. platensis by 21, 22, 33, and 46%, respectively. Similarly, RS increased by 55% the carbohydrate content in C. vulgaris. A further optimization of RS dosage (1-, 2- and 3-mL L-1) revealed that 1 mL L-1 supported the highest CO2 consumption, O2 production and biomass productivity in both photosynthetic microorganisms. Interestingly, the highest carbohydrate content was achieved when 3 mL L-1 were supplemented to C. vulgaris. Therefore, the addition of RS positively influenced microalgal and cyanobacterial metabolism during biogas upgrading and modified the macromolecular composition of biomass from both cultures.