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<p>In recent years, the use of nanobubbles (NBs) in anaerobic digestion (AD) has received significant research attention, with numerous studies reporting notable improvements in AD efficiency when nanobubble water (NBW) is introduced in digesters. The improvements are often attributed to more efficient substrate degradation, higher activity of key enzymes, and the more complex and diverse microbial communities associated with NBW-integrated AD. Despite these promising results, detailed explanations of the mechanisms and modes of action behind NBW, particularly its impact on each step of the AD process—hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis—are still limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review and critical assessment of NBW’s impacts on AD, with a particular focus on how operational conditions can influence NBW-related effects on AD performance. Finally, energy efficiencies, future opportunities and challenges of expanding NB technology to boost AD efficiency are discussed.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Recent Advances in Applying Nanobubbles for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Future Prospects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Alsayed Mostafa,
  • Ahmed Elsayed,
  • Rasha Maal-Bared,
  • Elsayed Elbeshbishy,
  • Bipro Ranjan Dhar

摘要

In recent years, the use of nanobubbles (NBs) in anaerobic digestion (AD) has received significant research attention, with numerous studies reporting notable improvements in AD efficiency when nanobubble water (NBW) is introduced in digesters. The improvements are often attributed to more efficient substrate degradation, higher activity of key enzymes, and the more complex and diverse microbial communities associated with NBW-integrated AD. Despite these promising results, detailed explanations of the mechanisms and modes of action behind NBW, particularly its impact on each step of the AD process—hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis—are still limited. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review and critical assessment of NBW’s impacts on AD, with a particular focus on how operational conditions can influence NBW-related effects on AD performance. Finally, energy efficiencies, future opportunities and challenges of expanding NB technology to boost AD efficiency are discussed.

Graphical Abstract