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<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in organizational processes, reshaping employees’ work experiences and workplace well-being. However, the psychological mechanisms linking AI usage to workplace well-being remain underexplored. Drawing on cognitive appraisal theory and self-determination theory, this study examines the dual pathways through which AI usage influences workplace well-being. Based on three-wave survey data from 433 employees across multiple industries in China, the results show that AI usage exerts a double-edged effect: it enhances workplace well-being through challenge appraisal and harmonious passion, but diminishes it through threat appraisal and obsessive passion. In addition, a growth mindset strengthens the positive pathway, whereas a fixed mindset strengthens the negative pathway. These findings deepen understanding of employees’ psychological adaptation to AI and offer practical insights for fostering workplace well-being in AI-enabled organizations.</p>

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When AI usage inspires or exhausts: Cognitive and motivational pathways to workplace well-being

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Wenhui Zhang,
  • Tengfeng Qiu,
  • Jialin Gao

摘要

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in organizational processes, reshaping employees’ work experiences and workplace well-being. However, the psychological mechanisms linking AI usage to workplace well-being remain underexplored. Drawing on cognitive appraisal theory and self-determination theory, this study examines the dual pathways through which AI usage influences workplace well-being. Based on three-wave survey data from 433 employees across multiple industries in China, the results show that AI usage exerts a double-edged effect: it enhances workplace well-being through challenge appraisal and harmonious passion, but diminishes it through threat appraisal and obsessive passion. In addition, a growth mindset strengthens the positive pathway, whereas a fixed mindset strengthens the negative pathway. These findings deepen understanding of employees’ psychological adaptation to AI and offer practical insights for fostering workplace well-being in AI-enabled organizations.