<p>The present study aims to examine the factor associated with the stage of change readiness and treatment eagerness of inmates convicted of substance abuse. Moreover, it aims to show that distress tolerance moderates the relationship between positive aspects of drugs and negative aspects of drugs and readiness for change and treatment eagerness. The research sample consisted of 1.043 inmates (66 females and 977 males) who had been convicted of substance use and whose sentences had been executed. Inmates were included in the study from prisons in 12 cities across Türkiye, and the mean age is 32.43 years. The Demographic Information Form, Drug Use Disorders Identification Test-Extended (DUDIT-E), the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES-M), and the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) were used as data collection tools. Results indicate that higher positive aspects of drug use were associated with lower distress tolerance and higher readiness for change. Higher negative aspects of drug use were associated with higher readiness for change but were not significantly correlated with distress tolerance. Distress tolerance was negatively associated with readiness for change and significantly moderated the relationships between both positive and negative aspects of drug use and readiness for change, accounting for 17% and 18% of the variance in readiness for change, respectively.</p>