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<p>Drawing on job-related anxiety theory, this study examines how exploitative leadership (EL) shapes frontline employees’ service performance in the hospitality industry via anxiety processes operating at both the individual and team levels. Using multisource data from 664 employees nested within 117 teams across 8 Chinese hotels (team size ranged from 5 to 7 members, M = 6) and applying multilevel modeling techniques, this study finds that EL significantly reduces employees’ in-role and extra-role service performance through increased individual work anxiety. At the team level, EL creates a negative affective tone that induces team job-related anxiety, subsequently damaging team service performance. Furthermore, even when employees are not directly exploited by leaders, team-level EL still negatively impacts their service behaviors through team job-related anxiety. This research not only enriches theoretical understanding of the relationship between destructive leadership behaviors and employee emotional state as well as team emotion, providing guidance for practitioners who focus on employee performance in the hospitality industry.</p>

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Exploitative leadership and its impact on job-related anxiety and service performance at the individual and team level: a multi-level study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Lingyi Wang,
  • Xu Duan,
  • Wufeng Yu,
  • Nanxin Ma,
  • Xiaoran Lan

摘要

Drawing on job-related anxiety theory, this study examines how exploitative leadership (EL) shapes frontline employees’ service performance in the hospitality industry via anxiety processes operating at both the individual and team levels. Using multisource data from 664 employees nested within 117 teams across 8 Chinese hotels (team size ranged from 5 to 7 members, M = 6) and applying multilevel modeling techniques, this study finds that EL significantly reduces employees’ in-role and extra-role service performance through increased individual work anxiety. At the team level, EL creates a negative affective tone that induces team job-related anxiety, subsequently damaging team service performance. Furthermore, even when employees are not directly exploited by leaders, team-level EL still negatively impacts their service behaviors through team job-related anxiety. This research not only enriches theoretical understanding of the relationship between destructive leadership behaviors and employee emotional state as well as team emotion, providing guidance for practitioners who focus on employee performance in the hospitality industry.