<p>This study aimed to analyze themes and potential emerging trends in the field of social isolation in cancer patients and provide references for subsequent related research. The Web of Science Core Collection database was used to search for literature on social isolation among cancer patients from 2014 to 2024. Annual publications, authors, institutions, and countries were analyzed via the Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer, along with multiple correspondence analysis, strategic map analysis, and thematic evolution analysis for high-frequency keywords. Incorporating a total of 440 papers, the analysis reveals a consistent increase in the annual number of publications. Among the authors, Chalifour, Garland, Jim, and Mosher were the most prolific authors, whereas Jaremka and Kiecolt-Glaser received the highest number of citations. The University of California contributed the most papers (20), whereas the University of North Carolina received the highest number of citations. The United States emerged as the leading contributor and most influential nation in this field. The research landscape among core authors and institutions remains fragmented, while national collaborations were concentrated. The thematic map identified five clusters that were further synthesized and summarized into three primary themes: the relationship between social isolation and health outcomes in cancer patients, predictive factors, and supportive care in cancer. The strategic map identified distinct thematic clusters classified into basic, niche, motor, and emerging themes. By integrating a thematic evolution map with a strategic map, the emerging themes identified include the biological mechanisms of social isolation, the relationship between social isolation and cognitive function, and lived experiences of social isolation among marginalized populations.</p>