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<p>Both adverse and positive experiences during childhood can have enduring impacts on an individual’s health and well-being across the lifespan. Yet there is little evidence of latent profile examinations involving both ACEs and BCEs among young adults in China. The present study sought to extend prior literature by assessing the latent profile groupings of ACEs and BCEs among young adults, and analyzing the longitudinal association of latent profiles of childhood experiences with psychological distress and positive mental health outcome. This study was conducted in September to December 2023 (T1) and April to June 2024 (T2), with a 6-month interval, in several provinces in China. The final sample consisted of 3,994 young adults (53% females, mean age: 18.87 ± 1.43 years) who attended both two waves surveys measuring ACEs, BCEs, depression, anxiety, suicidal risk, NSSI and life satisfaction. LPA results showed a five profile solution of childhood experiences: Low BCEs/High neglect (10.59%), Moderate BCEs/High abuse (9.36%), High BCEs/Low ACEs (71.76%), Low BCEs/High risk (4.41%) and Low BCEs/Severe abuse (3.88%). For the mental health outcomes at time 2, High BCEs/Low ACEs group had significantly better outcomes than other profiles. Moderate BCEs/High abuse and Low BCEs/High neglect group had better outcomes than the groups with Low BCEs and High risk or Severe abuse. The study provides valuable insights into the concurrent examination of ACEs and BCEs, elucidating their impact on young adults’ mental health and offering a foundation for developing tailored intervention strategies for affected groups.</p>

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Profiles of adverse and benevolent childhood experiences among young adults in China: association with mental health outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Hanying Nie,
  • Mingxiao Liu,
  • Aiyi Liu,
  • Xinchun Wu

摘要

Both adverse and positive experiences during childhood can have enduring impacts on an individual’s health and well-being across the lifespan. Yet there is little evidence of latent profile examinations involving both ACEs and BCEs among young adults in China. The present study sought to extend prior literature by assessing the latent profile groupings of ACEs and BCEs among young adults, and analyzing the longitudinal association of latent profiles of childhood experiences with psychological distress and positive mental health outcome. This study was conducted in September to December 2023 (T1) and April to June 2024 (T2), with a 6-month interval, in several provinces in China. The final sample consisted of 3,994 young adults (53% females, mean age: 18.87 ± 1.43 years) who attended both two waves surveys measuring ACEs, BCEs, depression, anxiety, suicidal risk, NSSI and life satisfaction. LPA results showed a five profile solution of childhood experiences: Low BCEs/High neglect (10.59%), Moderate BCEs/High abuse (9.36%), High BCEs/Low ACEs (71.76%), Low BCEs/High risk (4.41%) and Low BCEs/Severe abuse (3.88%). For the mental health outcomes at time 2, High BCEs/Low ACEs group had significantly better outcomes than other profiles. Moderate BCEs/High abuse and Low BCEs/High neglect group had better outcomes than the groups with Low BCEs and High risk or Severe abuse. The study provides valuable insights into the concurrent examination of ACEs and BCEs, elucidating their impact on young adults’ mental health and offering a foundation for developing tailored intervention strategies for affected groups.