<p>Cognitive health maintenance has become a major area of interest in public health research due to the sudden global increase in the rate of the aging population. Therefore, the present study intended to examine the relationship between education, leisure and working activities, and cognitive functioning among middle-aged adults of Pakistan. The correlational research design was employed in which participants were recruited through purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 140 adults (males = 43, females = 97) aged between 35 and 55 years (M = 44.23, SD = 7.1) who were able to understand and communicate in the Urdu language (National language of study country). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq) were used as assessment measures. Statistical Package for Social Sciences-version 23 (SPSS-23) was used to analyze the data. Results of Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis revealed that cognitive functioning has a significant positive relationship with education, working activity, and leisure activity. Regression analysis further depicted that education and leisure activity together explained a significant amount of variance in cognitive functioning, whereas working activity did not appear to significantly relate to cognitive functioning. Additionally, gender differences revealed that as compared to women, men engage more in working and leisure activities. The findings implicated the importance of lifestyle activities in regulating the aging process and preventing cognitive impairment.</p>